sociology paper one 19th may Flashcards
(25 cards)
define ethnic capital
the cultural capital of ethnic groups
can motivate, support and channel the behaviour of members of a group.
negative consequences of not obtaining informed consent 3
ethical violation of participants rights
psychological harm on the topic eg DV, feel anxious if found out they didn’t give consent
loss of public trust as a researcher, academic criticism
describe mead’s view on how we interact
stimulus
- angry man punching at you
interpretive phase (assess the social situation and put ourselves in their position
- either he’s angry and will hit me
- or he’s practising kung fu
response
- either running away
- or feeling relief
structuration theory
with example
giddens
duality of structure
structure makes social action possible
but social actions create the structure
eg. grammar is the structure of language, rules
but individuals create the structure by talking/writing adapting, thus changing the language itself
bauman
+ what theory
post-modernism
people now construct identities through consumption
theory word for triangulation
synthesis
classroom knowledge
keddie - teachers teach different sets differently meaning lower sets may underachieve as they haven’t been given the knowledge needed for educational success
what is the hidden curriculum vs ethos
with AO2 examples
Ethos = The values, atmosphere, and character of the school – what it stands for.
AO2: inclusivity, diversity, religious values, sporting aspirations
Hidden curriculum = The unwritten, unofficial lessons students learn without being formally taught.
AO2: punctuality, hierarchy, aspiring to achieve.
statistics on misbehaviour by gender
boys x3 likely to be excluded
how has globalisation affected job prospects and education
new labour wanted a shift in england towards a knowledge economy.
as manufacturing jobs moved to china and 3rd words east asian tigers.
how have big companies become involved with education from globalisation
Big companies like Pearson sell the same exams, textbooks, and software to many countries.
This makes education more standardised worldwide, but also means private businesses now have more control over what is taught and how it’s tested.
cream-skimming
schools pick the best students (those who are likely to get high grades, got good SATs) to boost their results and reputation.
silt-shifting
the opposite of cream-skimming: offloading students who are harder to teach or unlikely to get good results, therefore offrolled.
3 points on how education favours boys
male gaze - male pupils and teachers make sexualised judgements on girls based on their appearance
AO2: girls get more comments on uniform as distracting
double standards - boys=cool if discussing sexual exploits, girls referred to as a slag for the same thing
role of uniforms - girls made to wear skirts reinforcing ‘ladylike’ stereotypes
describe archer et al’s study on pupil identities
working class students felt excluded in a middle class environment
so they wore nike sportwear to give themselves self-worth and reduce symbolic violence of say gucci.
however teachers saw this as a symbol of deviance and bad behaviour, also not wearing uniform reinforces labels
define exogenous privatisation
where private companies take over the running of aspects of educational services from the state.
example of exogenous privatisation 3
pearson selling textbooks worldwide + running the exam board edexcel.
co-op academies
cola-isation
cola-isation
brands indirectly entering schools - through marketing, sponsorship, and branding.
AO2: vending machines, branded sports equipment
what does lyotard say
Lyotard argues that big metanarratives (mx, fct, science) have lost trust in postmodern society, replaced by many smaller, local stories. eg marginalised groups, division of feminism.
This shows society’s diversity but can lead to uncertainty about truth and make social change harder.
basic essay plan on value freedom
for - positivists
should be a science, based on facts and empirical evidence, separate from personal values.
AO2: social facts in on suicide
against - interpretivists
need values to choose what to study and analyse results
AO2: feminists say they need values to acknowledge injustice
how has GLOBAL COMPETITION led to changes in educational policy 2
+ AO2 example of this competition
e.g. PISA
- Tougher curriculum + exam reforms
- Marketisation: league tables, academies, parental choice
how was the GLOBAL COMPANIES IN EDUCATION led to changes in educational policy
Exogenous privatisation (e.g. Pearson exams)
how has the need for SKILLED WORKERS and movement of industry affected educational policy
Focus on vocational education, STEM subjects
5 points of globalisation
migration
technology over traditional means
global companies
competition
skilled workers
