april week five Flashcards
(25 cards)
All actions witte took 6
High tariffs of foreign industrial goods
State investment
Foreign loans, investment + expertise
Adopting a gold standard
Raised taxation rates
Grain exports
positive impacts of witte’s great spurt (+post slump recovery)
10th largest city - moscow
transiberian railway, 2nd in world
production 8 - 1.4 - 6%
concessions alexander made towards ethnic minorities post 1866 + PR’63
POLAND
- serfs emancipated gained more favourable terms than russias,
- zemstvas set up
OTHERS
- decrees in 1864 + 1875 allowed latvians + estonians to re-adopt lutheranism instead of orthodoxy
- 1863, finns allowed own diet (parliament) and currency
2 acts on women in 1970s
- domestic violence act 1976
- sex discrimination act 1975
how did the sex discrimination act 1975 present continuities 1
(how was the act limited)
- only 10% of sex discriminations claims were successful as it was so hard to prove
how did the skinhead culture show social change 2 yes 1 no
- morphed out of mod culture at the end of the 60s
- often from working class backgrounds & influenced by Jamaican music
- had shaved head and worse tight fitted jeans with large boots
- by end of 1970s, changed to more ‘oi!’ - original skinheads were morphed out by new racist members
gained a political stance and heavily associated with the national front & involved in the rise of football hooliganism
why did the conservatives lose the 2001 election 3
- hague’s qualities didn’t translate to popularity, not taken seriously
eg. mocked for his baseball caps + boasting to drink 14 pints a day as a teenager - poor campaign by the conservatives, main line ‘fight to save the pound’ + against immigration.
- thatcher’s support/involvement appealed to tories, didn’t widen their appeal. labour used satirical billboards of thatcher + hague called ‘the mummy returns’
why did labour win the 2001 election? 3
- blair remained a popular figure + good spindoctor
- britain’s finances seemed secure + public services were improving. trust in economy and foreign policy
- blair’s northern ireland initiative was hard to oppose.
why did the conservatives lose the 2005 election? 3
- despite howards centrist move, still associated with major and thatcher
- 2005 manifesto reinforced lack of change - tough on immigration, travellers and tax cuts and public sector cuts (portillo called in victor meldrew, grumpy old man)
- also going through 3 different leaders in 5 years which didn’t impress the general public
explain the blanche palava
✅ Blanche wants to survive in the New South, but she doesn’t actually fit the New South’s rules.
Old South = gentility, manners, charm, fantasy, big houses, reputation matters.
New South (Stanley’s world) = working-class, money, realism, brutality, no fantasies, survival of the fittest.
✅ Blanche creates her “Southern belle” act because:
In the Old South, being charming, beautiful, and fragile gave women value.
She thinks acting like this will make her safe — that someone (like Mitch) will save her through marriage.
✅ But she can’t fully survive in the New South by just being dainty.
Stanley’s world values power, dominance, sexuality, not manners.
So Blanche flirts with Stanley because she thinks sexuality = power now.
She tries to regain control by seducing him a little — it’s desperate.
✅ In short:
Blanche pretends to be the pure Southern belle to survive by Old South rules.
But she also flirts and challenges Stanley because she realises (deep down) that pure manners won’t work in the brutal New South.
She’s trapped between two worlds — too fake for Stanley’s brutal world, too fallen for the old romantic world.
That’s why her identity falls apart.
Literally one sentence you could memorise:
Blanche is trapped between two broken worlds — she clings to the fantasy of the Old South but also desperately tries to use sexuality to survive in the brutal New South, which ultimately destroys her identity.
basic points of changes for workers 4 Khrushchev
- urban areas
- consumer goods
- labour disciplines relaxed
- housing
list points of the new party programme 1961 (4)
- communist party now ‘party of the people’; not dictatorship of the proletariat
- more accountable to membership with limits on terms served in office
- communist society would be complete by 1980
- will have overtaken USA in per capita production
which backbencher propagated for the sexual offence act 1967
1 positive of the act
leo abse
men declared their sexuality who were previously afraid and were forced to lead double lives
how does nick’s unreliable narration link to modernism
Modernist lit emphasizes subjective reality over objective truth, reflecting uncertainty in a fragmented world.
what is gatsby’s hubris
his belief he can win Daisy
actions to the economy under bunge 3
land banks 1883, 1885.
VAT/indirect taxes increased + poll tax abolished
increased import tarriffs
describe the outer region agricultural success under AIII
- outside central regions, the mir was less of a barrier to change
- more fertile regions from pastureland and meadows
- potatoes increased 43% 1880-1913 as more could grow
basic points showing the impact of affluence and consumerism (4) 1951-64
- surge in ownership of consumer goods
- advertisement
- car ownership
- leisure
difference of the particution and the salvaging
the salvaging - carried out by aunts/gilead regime + handmaids passively observe
the particiution - handmaids encouraged to kill
context to she walks in beauty + link to the poem
- romanticism - nature beauty inner self
- atypical respectful portrayal of women as many said he was ‘mad bad and dangerous to know’
- reaction to the enlightenment - feeling over intellect
strengths of the NEP 3
- by 1922, there was food back in cities; healthy trade in other goods & shops reopened
- industrial output increased rapidly: 1921, producing 2004 million roubles worth of goods and in 1926, 11,000+
- private traders (nepmen) were chief agents in reviving the economy. bought produce from villages -> towns and sold items/tools to peasants at markets. by 1923 they handled around 3/4 of retail trade
weaknesses of the NEP (involving peasants) 4
- scissor crisis 1923: (declining grain prices and increasing manuf. good prices) peasants were reluctant to supply grain as prices were so low
- mid 1920s, trotsky and ‘left opp’ wanted to more rapid industrialisation, not NEP as ind. goods still in short supply. tried to get more grain out of peasants but couldn’t reach pre-war levels and not fund tech needed for industrial expansion
- grain crisis 1927-1928, 1/4 less than 1926 amount. peasants realised they were better off using grain to feed animals as meat prices were rising & no point having surplus as cons goods in short supply
- 1928, stalin sent officials to seize grain and arrest hoarding suspects. (urals-siberian method) gov and peasant relationship broke down
weaknesses of the NEP (involving workers) 5
- workers objected the power of single managers & bourgeois specialists used throughout NEP
- first 2 years, unemployment rose steeply due to cutting workforce to make a profit & many women pushed out of their jobs
- in 1927, 20,100 strikes in this year alone and some called the NEP ‘new exploit. of proletariat’
- wages remained low until 1926
- housing still major issue, poor-quality, overcrowded, mounting crime
difference in symbolism of the blue piano and varsouviana polka
🎹 The Blue Piano – Symbol of the External World
Symbolism:
Represents the emotional landscape of New Orleans — vibrant, chaotic, sensual, and raw.
Often heard during scenes of tension, desire, or when Blanche feels overwhelmed by the harshness of reality.
Reflects the external pressures Blanche faces: class conflict, sexual power, and the social world she cannot control.
🎵 The Varsouviana Polka – Symbol of Internal Trauma
Symbolism:
A haunting reminder of Blanche’s past trauma, particularly the suicide of her young husband after she confronted him about his sexuality.
Tied to guilt, regret, and mental disintegration.
Blanche hears it non-diegetically (in her mind), meaning it’s not part of the physical world but of her psychological breakdown.
