sociology paper three 13th june

Question 1

AO2 on positivists view of whether sociology is objective

Answer 1

durkheim’s social facts

Question 2

2 basic points of theories explaining differences in offending by ethnic group
and then the 2 points inside

with theorists

Answer 2

left realism (lea + young 1993) - actions of offender, actions of police
neo-marxism - gilroy 1982 imperial struggle, hall et al 1979 policing the crisis

Question 3

cohen and young 1973 (media and crime)

Answer 3

media is a social construct, manufactured
central aspect is meeting news values

Question 4

2 differences of fictional representations of crime vs real crime

Answer 4

homicides are the result of domestic disputes, but fiction claims they’re products of greed and calculation

Question 5

4 ways the media may possibly cause crime and deviance

Answer 5

relative deprivation through adverts
encouraging, providing deviant role models
desensitisation of violence
glamourising offending

Question 6

cultural criminology

how is this different to the commodification of crime

Answer 6

media turns crime into something people desire, for the thrill and performance

this is the feelings people want, seen by the media through deviant role models
the commodification of crime is a LATE-MODERNIST EXTENSION

Question 7

which theorist looks at international financial organisations in the globalisation of crime

Answer 7

rothe + friedrichs (2015)

Question 8

evidence against the chivalry thesis 4

Answer 8

• SRS found they were treated harshly
• men are x2 as likely to shop lift but offenders are equal for both genders, showing women are more likely prosecuted
• ignore how male violence against women is unreported eg yearnshire 35 assaults
• women tend to commit less violent crime

Question 9

describe the liberation thesis, 1 expl + 3 examples

Answer 9

women are committing more crime + are able to from liberation
- 17% increase in violent crime by women 2000-2008
- increasing ‘male’ crime
- increased girl gangs + teens adopting behaviour to appear ‘hard’

Question 10

3 criticisms of the liberation thesis

Answer 10

• female violence increased before womens liberation, in the 1950s
• benefits MC more than WC.
• overestimates women’s ability to engage with crime

Question 11

describe the criminalisation theory of women 4

Answer 11

• found in VS + SRS, violent crime had not increased by females
• widening the net of crime so more prosecuted
• ladette culture moral panic led to self fulfilling prophecy
• new mandatory arrests for DV in 1994 distort statistics

Question 12

Messerschmidt’s 3 names for the subcultures trying to achieve masculinity

Answer 12

accommodating masculine (white mc)
oppositional masculine (white wc)
hyper-masculinity (black wc)