SOLUTIONS Flashcards
1
Q
Are liquid preparations that contain one or more substances dissolved in water or co-solvent mixtures
A
SOLUTIONS
2
Q
Another term of ethyl alcohol
A
ETHANOL
3
Q
Chemical formula of ethyl alcohol
A
C2H5OH
4
Q
Ethanol is the primary solvent used
A
ORGANIC
5
Q
two uses of ethanol
A
SOLVENT
EXCIPIENT
6
Q
Prepared by mixing equal volumes of Alcohol USP, and Purified water USP
A
DILUTED ALCOHOL NF
7
Q
Contains 70% of ethyl alcohol by volume
A
RUBBING ALCOHOL
8
Q
Clear syrupy liquid with a sweet taste, miscible both in water and in alcohol, and has a preservative qualities, and often used as a stabilizer and an auxiliary solvent in conjunction with water or alcohol
A
GLYCERIN USP
9
Q
Another term for glycerin
A
GLYCEROL
10
Q
70% by volume isopropyl alcohol; Externally as a rubefacient and soothing rub; as a vehicle for topical products
A
ISOPROPYL / RUBBING ALCOHOL
11
Q
Ways on how to purify water
3
A
DISTILLATION
ION EXCHANGE TREATMENT
REVERSE OSMOSIS
12
Q
Most expensive way to purify water
A
DISTILLATION
13
Q
Heat is eliminated, generally passes water through a column of cation and anion exchangers consisting of water insoluble synthetic polymerized phenolic, carboxylic, amino or sulfonated resin of high molecular weight.
A
ION EXCHANGE METHOD
14
Q
Membrane filtration; a pressurized stream of water is passed parallel to the inner side of a filter membrane core
A
REVERSE OSMOSIS
15
Q
Commercially available; diluted the concentration of solution
A
ORAL SOLUTION
16
Q
Dry powder for reconstitution prior to use; Contains all of the formulative components, including drug, flavorant, colorant, buffers, and others, EXCEPT FOR THE SOLVENT.
A
DRY POWDER MIXTURE
17
Q
Expiry date of the product if not refrigerated
A
7 days
18
Q
expiry date of the product if refrigerated
A
14 days
19
Q
Solutions used for the treatment of diarrhea; available in liquid or powder packet for reconstitution
A
ORAL REHDYRATION SOLUTION
20
Q
Contains sodium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride
A
PEG 3350 electrolyte solution
21
Q
preparation for the bowel procedures
A
oral colonic lovage solution
22
Q
Recommended dose of Peg ES
A
4L of the solution
23
Q
Colorless to slightly yellow clear effervescent liquid having a sweet acidulous taste and a lemon flavor
A
MAGENSIUM CITRATE ORAL SOLUTION
24
Q
Use of 27
A
SALINE CATHARTIC
25
Synonyms of 27
CITARTE OF MAGNESIA
26
Use of **sodium**, **citrate** and **citric acid** solution
SYSTEMIC ALKALINIZER
27
Are **concentrated**, **aqueous preparations** of a **sugar** or sugar substitutes with or without added flavoring agent and medicinal substances
SYRUP
28
**Good vehicle** for drugs **requiring acid** medium
CHERRY SYRUP
ORANGE SYRUP
29
**Alcohol free vehicle** for **extemporaneous compounding** of **syrup**
ORA-SWEET
ORA-SWEET SF
30
. Effectively **masks bitter tasting** drugs
COCOA SYRUP
31
Used to **disguise salty** or **sour** taste of drugs
RASPBERRY SYRUP
32
________% of syrup can act as **preservatives**
85% w/v, 65% w/w
33
**Specific gravity** of simple syrup
1.313
34
Are **clear**, **sweetened**, **hydroalcoholic solutions** intended for oral use, and are usually** flavored to their palatability**
ELIXIR
35
**High** alcoholic elixir contains ________% of alcohol
73 - 78%
36
**Low** alcoholic elixir contains ____% of alcohol
8 - 10%
37
**Iso-alcoholic** elixir contains ____% of alcohol
mix of high & low alcoholic elixirs
38
at how many percent of alcohol elixir is **self-preserving**
more than 10 - 12%
39
Are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of **volatile substances**
TINCTURE
40
Another term for **spirits**
ESSENCE
41
Are ALCOHOLIC OR HYDROALCOHOLIC solutions of VOLATILE substances
SPIRITS
42
Are **CLEAR**, **SATURATED** AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF **VOLATILE OILS** or other aromatic or volatile substances; Used for **perfume** and **flavoring**; Stored in a tight, light-resistant containers
AROMATIC WATER
43
Are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of **chemicals** or **soluble constituents** of **vegetable drugs**
TINCTURE
44
____% of strength for **Belladonna** tincture
10%
45
____% of strength for **tolu balsam**
20%
46
____% **Sweet orange peel** tincture
50%
47
A tincture that is used for **treatment to diarrhea**
PAREGORIC TINCTURE
| camphorated opium tincture
48
Use of compound **benzoin tincture**
PROTECTANT
49
Use of **iodine** tincture
LOCAL ANTI-INFECTIVE
50
Used of **thimerosal** tincture
ANTISEPTIC
51
Alcoholic content of **Opium Tincture**
17 - 21%
52
Alcoholic content of **Compound Benzoin Tincture**
74 - 80%
53
Alcoholic content of **Iodine Tincture**
44 - 50%
54
Alcoholic content of **Thimerosal Tincture**
approx 50%
55
Extracts are commonly **obtained from plants** and they are also called
GALENICAL
56
They are referred to **100% tincture**
FLUID EXTRACT
57
Known as ***Burow’s solution***, an **astringent wash** or **wet dressing**, used in various types of dermatologic lotions, creams, and pastes
ALUMINUM ACETATE
58
Liquor Carbonis Detergens; Liquor Picis Carbonis; LCD
COAL TAR
59
Uses of **coal tar** topical solution
LOCAL ANTI-ECZEMATIC
60
The percentage of **hydrogen peroxide** solution
2.5 - 3.5%
61
It is a **4%** (Hibiclins), used as a surgical scrub, hand wash, and skin wound and general skin cleanser
CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE
62
A **10%** solution employed as **surgical scrub** and **nonirritating antiseptic** solution
POVIDONE-IODINE SOLUTION
63
**Merthiolate** solution that is used as **bacteriostatic** and **fungistatic**
THIMEROSAL
64
Are **clear**, **saturated** aqueous solutions of **volatile oils** or other aromatic or volatile substances
AROMATIC WATER
65
Upon the **Addition** of **electrolytes** in **medicated water** it may result to ____ of the volatile ingredient
SEPARATION
66
Proper **storage condition** of **aromatic water**
TIGHT, LIGHT-RESISTANT BOTTLE
67
The process of **redistillation** two or more times until the **distillate becomes clear**.
COHOBATION DISTILLATION
68
Are solutions used to **treat the pharynx** and the **nasopharynx** by **forcing air through the lungs** through the gargle which is held in the throat
GARGLE
69
Another name of **eye** wash
COLLYRIUM
70
Another name of **nasal** wash
COLLUNARIUM
71
Are aqueous solutions directed **against a part** or **into a cavity** of the body
DOUCHE
72
two uses of **douche**
CLEANSING
ANTISEPTIC
73
How to **administer** a douche
with the use of bulb syringe
74
Another term for **enema**
CLYSTERS
75
Use for **evacuation of bowel** is termed as
ENEMA
76
Active ingredient of **fleet enema**
SODIUM PHOSPHATE
77
Another term for **liniments**
EMBROCATION
78
two special label instructions for **liniments**
FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY
DO NOT APPLY ON BROKEN SKIN
79
It is an **ethereal solution** that contains **pyroxillin** and **alcohol**
COLLODION
80
. **Pyroxillin** is made up of ____ and ____
NITRIC ACID
SULFURIC ACID
81
It is Useful in **holding the edges** of an **incised wound** together
COLLODION (FILM)
82
Collodion has a **disadvantage** of being ____
NON FLEXIBLE
83
**Flexible** collodion has **2%** of ____ and **3%** of ____
CAMPHOR
CASTOR OIL
84
Collodion used as **keratolytic**
SALICYLIC ACID COLLODION
85
Are **viscous solutions** or mixtures of medicinal substances in **NOT LESS THAN 50%** by weight of GLYCERIN
GLYCERITE
86
A **glycerite** that is used as an **astringent**
TANNIC ACID GLYCERITE
87
**Toothache drops** contains ____ and mixtures of ____ with __ or___
CLOVE OIL
PHENOL
CAMPHOR
CREOSOTE
88
What is the use of **starch glycerites**
TOPICAL PROTECTIVE
89
# recommended **alcohol intake** for OTC products
**Under 6** years of age
0.5%
90
# recommended **alcohol intake** for OTC products
**6-12** years old
5%
91
# recommended **alcohol intake** for OTC products
**Over 12** years old
10%
92
93
useful **hydroalcoholic solvent** in various pharmaceutical processes and preparations
DILUTED ALCOHOL
94
* used as **rubefacient** and **soothing rub**
* **vehicle** for topical prodcuts
isopropyl rubbing alcohol
95
* **viscous** liquid
* **miscible** with water and alcohol
* useful as **solvent** and is **frequently substitued** for **glycerin**
PROPYLENE GLYCOL
96
* concentrated or **nearly saturated** aqueous solution of sugar
* a **self-preserved** solution with a **minmal tendency** to **undergo crystallization**
SYRUP NF
97
METHODS OF PREPARING **SYRUP**
1. w/ heat
2. agitation w/o heat
3. addition of sucrose
4. percolation
98
METHODS OF PREPARATION OF **ELIXIRS**
1. simple solution w/ agitation
2. admixture of 2 or more liquid ing.
99
METHODS OF PREPARATION OF **SPIRITS**
1. distillation
2. by maceration
3. by chemical reaction
4. simple soln
100
**spirits** contain how many % of alcohol
50% - 90%
101
METHODS OF PREPARATION FOR **AROMATIC WATER**
1. distillatio
2. solution method
102
METHODS OF PREPARATION FOR **TINCTURE**
1. extraction
2. simple solution
103
**fluid extract** is prepared by
percolation
104
* **alcoholic oleaginous solution** or emulsion of various medical substances** intended for external application** to the skin, generally w/ **rubbing**
LINIMENTS / embrocations
105
soluble gun cotton, collodion cotton
pyroxillin
106
**collodions** are applied to the skin with
fine camel's hair brush or glass applicator
107
* used as medicinal agent or as an aid in **dissolving other drugs in water or alcoho**l
GLYCERITES
108
preparations that has the **fastest absorption**
parenteral preparations
109
solid vs liquid
which has faster absorption
liquid
110
solutions that has **insoluble particles** (powder)
suspensions
111
to be called a solution, powder should be ____
dissolved
112
added to **reduce** the **amount of alcohol required**
glycols
glycerin
113
it is the process in which **water is boiled** until it **evaporates** and **condenses**, **leaving behind impurities** with different boiling points
DISTILLATION
114
**ion exchange method** is referred to as
demineralized or deionized water
115
**ADVANTAGES** OF ORAL SOLUTION
homogenous
easier to swallow
faster onset of action
116
**DISADVANTAGES** OF ORAL SOLUTION
bulky
degarde more rapidly
more likely to interact with constituents
117
recommended **adult** dose of **oral colonic lavage solution**
4L
118
the **sugar** that is **most frequently employed** in syrups
sucrose
119
materials converted to glucose in the body
glycogenetic
120
* prepared by dissolving **85g** of sucrose in **enough purified water** to make **100ml of syrup** (85% w/v, 65% w/w)
* **low** solvent capacity
* **minimal** tendency to **undergo crystallization**
* self preserving
SIMPLE SYRUP
121
* aid in **sleeping**
* benadril
dipenhydramine elixir
122
primary solvents of elixir
alcohol & water
123
adjunct solvents in elixir
glycerin & PEG
124
non medicated elixirs are used as
diluent
125
most **topical solutions** & **tinctures** are prepared by
simple dissolving
126
tincture for **arthritis**, **irritable bowel syndrome**
BELLADONNA TINCTURE
127
cause **precipitation** of inactive constituent of tinctures
aging
128
the process of **redistillation** two or more times **until the distillate becomes clear**
COHOBATION
129
# TRUE OR FALSE
gargle can be a mouthwash
true
130
# TRUE OR FALSE
mouthwash can be a gargle
FALSE
| moutwash cannot be a gargle
131
more on **cosmetically prepared** rather than therapeutic
mouthwash
132
glycerite that is **topical protective**
STARCH GLYCERITE
133
**temporary relief** of tootaches
tootache drops
134
FACTORS AFFECTING **SOLUBILITY** OF SOLUTION
1. temperature
2. chemical & physical properties
3. pressure
4. pH
5. state of subdivision
6. physical agitation
135
# SPIRITS
distillation: **BRANDY**
35 - 60%
136
# SPIRITS
distillation: **WHISKY**
47 - 53%
137
liniment with **rubefacient property**
alcoholic liniment
138
liniment that requires **massage**
oily liniments
