Sop 300 Series p897 Flashcards
(107 cards)
0
Q
The following are specific performance requirements determined to be necessary to successfully complete the Fire Academy
A
. • Ability to work in a confined space with limited or zero visibility
• Ability to work from heights
• Ability to function while wearing PPE including SCBA
• Ability to work in incendiary environments
• Ability to perform required firefighter skills (These will be spelled out in detail throughout the Academy
1
Q
What is the work uniform for a recruit
A
Work Uniform: Red work uniform t-shirt Navy blue FR trousers (shorts are NOT authorized for the Recruit Academy uniform) Black belt Socks – white or black, cotton, crew socks. Approved safety shoes Plain red (non-faded) sweatshirt may be worn during cool weather
2
Q
What % on test scores must a recruit maintain in the academy
A
All recruits must maintain an 80% or higher test score average. Any single test score below 80% (70% on the HazMat test) will result in a re-test and a memo of unsatisfactory performance. Failure to pass a re-test with at least a score of 80% may result in dismissal
3
Q
Are recruits allowed to give interviews yo the media
A
Any Recruit contacted by a news media agency (television, radio, newspaper, etc.) is to immediately notify a Training Captain. You are not allowed to give interviews without the consent of the Training Deputy Chief
4
Q
What does ROAM stand for
A
the Rule Of Air Management
5
Q
What are the Five Key Aspects of Air Management
A
- The first and most overlooked aspect is beginning an operation or assignment with less than a completely full cylinder.
- The second aspect of air management is to always know the amount of air that is left in the cylinder
- The third aspect of air management is self-awareness. This comes from the member knowing exactly how long it will take to completely breathe down their air cylinder
- The fourth aspect of air management is a strong knowledge of their SCBA
- The last aspect of air management is psychological control, or one’s own ability to control their breathing rate
6
Q
What scba does mesa fire use
A
The Mesa Fire Department uses the Scott Air-Pak NxG2 self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA
7
Q
The Scott Air-Pak NxG2 SCBA consists of what 4 parts
A
- A cylinder and valve assembly to store a supply of breathing air under pressure
- A backframe and harness assembly to support the cylinder and valve assembly on the body. This assembly also includes a pressure reducer with a Rapid Intervention Crew Universal Air Connection (RIC UAC), an Emergency Breathing Support System (EBSS), an integrated PASS Device, a Control Console and Battery Compartment.
- A facepiece mounted EZ-Flo or EZ-Flo II pressure demand regulator with Heads-Up display
- An AV-3000 full facepiece and a head harness to secure the facepiece to the face
8
Q
What is the Scott air cylinder constructed of
A
The Scott air cylinder used by the Mesa Fire Department is of a lightweight composite construction. It consists of an aluminum alloy inner shell which is wrapped with layers carbon fiber, fiberglass and epoxy resin
9
Q
How much air can the Scott air bottle hold
A
The cylinder is rated for 45 minutes and when pressurized to 4500 PSI contains 66 cu ft (1835 liters) of air
10
Q
The duration of the air supply will depend on which 7 factors
A
- The degree of physical activity of the firefighter.
- The physical condition of the firefighter.
- The physical size of the firefighter.
- The degree to which a firefighter’s breathing is affected by excitement, fear or other emotional factors.
- The degree of training or experience which the firefighter has with the SCBA.
- Whether or not the cylinder is fully charged at the start of the work period.
- A loose or improperly fitting facepiece which is not able to make an adequate seal
11
Q
The cylinder valve assembly is constructed of forged aluminum and consists of what 6 parts
A
- A dual pressure gauge indicating pressure at all times.
- A quick release fitting that inserts into the pressure reducer on the backframe
- A threaded fill port with dust cap.
- An elastomeric bumper for valve protection.
- A handwheel activated valve mechanism with a spring loaded, positive action, ratchet type lock for “lock open service”.
- A safety relief device utilizing a frangible disk
12
Q
How is the Backframe and Harness Assembly constructed
A
The backframe is made of stamped aluminum alloy and combined with Kevlar shoulder straps and waist belt to make a harness assembly. The backframe assembly uses a unique “Snap-Change” mechanism to engage the cylinder
13
Q
The backframe mounted pressure reducer assembly reduces the air pressure from the cylinder pressure down to what
A
The backframe mounted pressure reducer assembly reduces the air pressure from the cylinder pressure down to 110-160 PSI
14
Q
How does the pressure reducing assembly work
A
The pressure reducer assembly is a redundant dual path reducing system. During normal use, air is supplied from the cylinder and valve assembly to the mask mounted regulator through the primary path of the pressure reducer. In the event that the primary air path of the pressure reducer becomes blocked or fails closed, the secondary pressure reducing air path will automatically begin supplying air to the breathing regulator. When the secondary path is in operation, the Vibralert end of service indicator alarm will be actuated. Whenever the Vibralert actuates, the user must leave the area requiring respiratory protection at once
15
Q
Where is The Rapid Intervention Crew Universal Air Connection located on the scba
A
The Rapid Intervention Crew Universal Air Connection is located on the left side of the pressure reducer assembly and permits emergency replenishment of a SCBA air cylinder from a supply source while in use. This is not a Quick Charge attachment and must not be used for routine recharging of the cylinder. The RIC UAC is for emergency use only when the firefighter is incapacitated within the hazardous atmosphere
16
Q
Where is The Emergency Breathing Support System (EBSS) dual manifold hose assembly on the scba
A
The Emergency Breathing Support System (EBSS) dual manifold hose assembly is located on the right side waist belt and attaches to the pressure reducer assembly. This consists of a hose approximately 3 feet long with a manifold containing both male and female fittings, which can be used in an emergency operation to attach to another EBSS manifold or a regulator
17
Q
The PASS Device consists of what four parts
A
- A sensor module assembly mounted to backframe just above the pressure reducer,
- A battery compartment mounted to the backframe on the left side of the cylinder,
- A pressure switch mounted within the pressure reducer,
- And a control console mounted on the wearer’s right shoulder strap with the remote pressure gauge
18
Q
How far is The low pressure hoses quick disconnect” coupling from the regulator
A
The low pressure hose has a “quick disconnect” coupling approximately 18” from the regulator
19
Q
How many lights light up on the heads up display when it initializes
A
The HEADS-UP Display will initialize with all five lights on for twenty seconds followed by display of cylinder supply level.
20
Q
What happens when the batteries need changing
A
If the low battery light at the far right of the display remains lit or begins to flash, replace the batteries according to the Battery Replacement Procedure
21
Q
How many turns does it take to fully open the cylinder
A
Fully open the cylinder valve by turning the valve knob counterclockwise until it stops (approximately 2 ½ full turns of the knob
22
Q
How many lights are on the heads up display
A
The HEADS-UP Display consists of four rectangular lights to represent the cylinder pressure. A fifth round yellow light indicates LOW BATTERY. The HEADS-UP Display operates as follows
23
Q
After initialization, the rectangular indicator lights will show the level of the air supply as follows:
A
a. FULL cylinder is indicated by two green lights glowing near the center of the display.
b. THREE-QUARTERS cylinder is indicated by a single green light glowing.
c. ONE-HALF cylinder is indicated by the yellow light flashing slowly at once a second. The user must consider leaving the hazardous atmosphere to replace cylinder.
d. ONE-QUARTER cylinder end of service time indicator is indicated by the red light at the far left flashing rapidly at ten times a second. When the warning light is flashing rapidly, the User must leave the hazardous atmosphere immediately
24
Should the scba be pressurized while removing batteries?
Removal or replacement of batteries while the system is pressurized may damage electronic components
25
Which types of batteries are to be used in the scba
Use only Eveready Alkaline E93 or EN93, or Duracell Alkaline MN1400, MX1400 or PC1400 batteries
26
How is the regulator to be washed
spray a minimum of 6 full pumps of Scott MultiWash Mini into the regulator opening. Make sure to also wet the immediate area around the opening. Swirl to completely cover internal components. Turn regulator-opening face down and shake excess liquid out. Allow 10 minutes of contact time to disinfect prior to rinsing
27
When does the vibralert activate
Vibralert alarm actuates during use and before the air supply is depleted to 25% of full capacity
28
Where is the Rapid Intervention Crew Universal Air Connection (RIC UAC) and what is it used for
RIC UAC) is on the left side of backframe mounted pressure reducer which permits emergency replenishment of a breathing air cylinder. It equalizes the pressure between the two bottles
29
How should chainsaw be started
Master switch in CHOKE position when engine is cold. If the engine has been warmed up, set the master switch to START. Also set master switch to START if the engine has been running but is still cold. This will avoid the possibility of flooding the engine with the choke
30
What safety precautions need to be taken while making roof cuts with a chainsaw
When making any roof cuts with the chainsaw, the guide bar should never be drawn back past the lead foot. This action may increase the likelihood of a kickback with resulting injury to the lead foot and/or leg
31
What is the mixture ratio for gas to oil on a chainsaw
Only use STIHL two-stroke engine oils for mixing. The mix ratio is 1:50 (1 part oil to 50 parts gasoline) when you use STIHL two-stroke engine oil, or 1:25 for other two-stroke engine oils
32
What bar oil should be used to fill The chain lubrication tank
The chain lubrication tank should be filled with manufacturers approved bar oil or a good grade of 30 WT. automotive oil
33
If carbide tips become damaged, it will be necessary to replace the chain when:
1. Missing/damaged tips on 3 or more cutters in a row.
2. Missing/damaged tips on 6 or more cutters anywhere.
3. Cracked/broken tie straps.
4. Dull chain
34
What are the three types of circular power saws that we use
On the Mesa Fire Department, we have three different makes of circular power saws. Partner, K-12 and Husqvarna
35
What is the general principle behind cutting with the circular saw
The general principle used in cutting is that the cutter disc speed and high contact pressure between disc and the material being cut produce sufficient heat to melt and burn the material being cut
36
What is the fuel mixture for the circular saw
1. Use gasoline regular, low lead.
2. Use McCulloch 40/50 oil (40 tol), two gallons of gas to one (6 oz.) can. SAE 40 two cycle motor oil (16 to 1), one gallon of gas to 1/2 pint.
3. Use STIHL oil, 1 bottle to one gallon of gasoline
37
What are the specs of the smoke ejector
All electric smoke ejectors have dimensions of approximately 13" x 18 3/4" x 19 1/4", weighing approximately 60 pounds and will move 5,200 CFM of air
38
How much electricity is needed to run a smoke ejector
The electric smoke ejectors require 1,500 - 2,000 watts, 30-35 amps to start up and 800 watts, 7 amps to run per ejector
39
What are the three sizes of gas powered smoke ejectors
There are three sizes of gasoline powered smoke ejectors currently used by the Mesa Fire Department; 18 inch, 20 inch and 26 inch
40
Specs of the 18"gas smoke ejector
The 18" is a Tempest power blower. This smoke ejector has a 5 HP, 110cc Kawasaki 2 cycle engine. It weighs 58 pounds and is rated at 9,600 CFM with a 7 blade cast aluminum propeller
41
What are the specs of the 20"smoke ejector
The 20 inch is a Unifire power blower. This smoke ejector has a 5.1 HP, 4 cycle Honda engine. It is rated at 20,000 CFM with a wooden propeller
42
What are the specs of the 26" smoke ejector
The 26 inch is a Life Jack power blower. This smoke jector has a 8 HP, 4 cycle Honda engine. It is rated at 22,000 CFM with a fiberglass/polymide propeller
43
What are the specs of the spreaders
The model 2007U, 27-inch spreader has a maximum spreading force of 23,000 pounds, a maximum pulling force of 14,000 pounds and a squeezing force in the tips with closed arms of 9,700 pounds. Weight including fluid and couplers is 41 pounds
44
Specs of the cutters
: Model 2001U uses mineral based hydraulic fluids. The 2001U has a working pressure of 10,500 psi and is used with the Holmatro hydraulic pump: The 2001U has a cutting force of 63,400 pounds in the recess and 41,000 pounds in the blade center. The tool weighs 27 1/2 pounds
45
What are the specs of the ram spreaders
The hydraulic twin plunger RAM has a pushing power of 22,400 lbs. and a pulling power of 11,200 lbs. The RAM has a weight of 36.5 lbs., collapsed length of 27 1/2 inches, and an extended length of 43 3/8 inches. This tool will accommodate interchangeable pushing and pulling heads
46
What pressures should the Ajax tool be operated at
The proper pressures to operate the tool is 90 PSI for normal auto body metal . Heavier metals such as door locks, nader pins, door hinges, etc. require higher pressures 150 to160 PSI. Maximum pressure should never exceed 300 psi. Air consumption increases as air pressure is increased
47
How much battery life does the thermal imager battery have
Count on no more than sixty minutes of continuous operation per battery, less in cold temperatures. Change the battery or plug the Imager into the trickle charger located on each apparatus any time the AMBER low battery light located beneath the view screen) begins to flash
48
What temp are our ladders rated at
Exposure to heat of approximately 300 degrees can begin irreparable changes that can lead to a loss of structural integrity
49
Is more than one firefighter allowed on a ladder at a time
There is a simple rule for determining the number of persons allowed on ladders. The first digit of the length of the ladder, e.g. 2 with a 24' ladder, will give you a rule of thumb that will correspond to the number of firefighters permitted on ladder 24' 2 firefighters
50
What distances should hose straps be placed on a ladder with a hose line
When a working hoseline is being used up a ladder, hose straps should be placed every ten feet with one at the top of the ladder
51
What are the specs of the attic ladder
The Mesa Department uses a folding ladder as the “scissor” ladder for attic access. We have 9' and 10' lengths. The ladder has 14" rung centers with an opening width of 12 3/4". The folding ladder is easy to stand by one man
52
What size straight ladders does the mfd use
The Mesa Fire Department uses 14', 16', and 20' straight ladders
53
What is the weight limit for using life lines
In general, life lines should never have more than two persons placed on them or exceed 600 pounds. They shall be used as life lines only
54
How should a rope be dried
Lay the rope out to dry. Never machine dry rope or place it in the sun for drying
55
What are the three bends that a rope undergoes in the formation of a knot
The three bends that a rope undergoes in the formation of a knot or hitch are known as the bight, the loop, and the round turn
56
How much weight can an airbag lifts and what's the max pressure to inflate an air bag
Air Bag Systems are a multi-application, portable inflation tool used to lift and displace heavy rigid objects, (up to 146,000 pounds), Air bags require less than 1 inch of bag insertion clearance. Total capable lift (utilizing two stacked air bags, (larger bag on the bottom) is 40 inches (100 centimeters). Inflation may be obtained from any air source (SCBA, air compressor, etc.) capable of supplying 118 psi
57
What pressures are air bags tested at
Air bags are fabricated from neoprene and 6 layers of Kevlar reinforced fabric for strength and rigidity. Full inflation pressure of an air bag is 118 psi. Each air bag has been tested at twice the full inflation pressure (236 psi) and has a minimum burst pressure of four times the operating (472 psi) pressure
58
HIGH PRESSURE REGULATOR decrease pressure from what to what
High pressure regulators reduce inlet pressure of up to 5,500 psi to 135 psi. Each regulator has a pressure adjusting knob used to gate down intake pressure to the desired discharge (135 psi). These regulators have been designed primarily for use with a SCBA tank which makes the system extremely portable
59
There are two types of control valves being used out in the field for air bags what are they
, dual safety relief and dual deadman safety relief (new). The dual safety relief control valve uses turn knobs to control the air pressure to either one or two air bags. The dual deadman safety relief valve has spring loaded switches that automatically shut off when released. Two gauges are provided on both controllers to monitor the air pressure applied to either one or two bag(s) and a 118 psi relief valve is incorporated to limit the applied air pressure. Inflation and deflation is
60
When are air bags replaced and how do you know the age of air bag
Air bags should be replaced every 10 years. The first 2 numbers of the serial number designate the production date. Contact Fire Maintenance if air bags need to be replaced
61
What is the basic principle of drafting
The basic principle of drafting is to create a negative pressure (vacuum) inside the fire pump to allow atmospheric pressure on the water surface to force water up the suction tube into the fire pump
62
Interesting facts about drafting
A perfect vacuum provides 14.7 psi of negative pressure at sea level or 30 inches of vacuum
• A fire apparatus primer should be able to develop 22 inches of vacuum in 30 seconds
• 22 inches of vacuum will lift water approximately 24 feet
• The maximum practical lift for fireground operations is 20 feet
• Fire apparatus pumps are designed to supply their rated capacity at a lift of no greater than 10 feet
• The size of the suction hose/hard sleeve affects the maximum flow for a given lift
63
How much 5" and 2 1/2" hose do we carry
```
The right side of the hose bed is divided into two (2) sections; each section is loaded with 400' of 2 1/2" hose.
The left (supply) bed is flat loaded with 1000' of 5" hose
```
64
Which lines have a 15/16" slug attached to their nozzles
All CAFS lines will have a 15/16” slug attached to their nozzles for proper CAFS application. The attack packs on CAFS units will also have the15/16” slug on their nozzles
65
Constructed in commercial applications to yield additional light and ventilation. Constructed with rafters of 2 x 8 lumber or larger and utilizes wood and/or metal braces for added strength. Vertical portion is usually wired glass with openable panes. Sloped portion is covered with 1x sheathing or plywood decking. Waterproof cover is usually composition
SAWTOOTH ROOF
66
Steel or wood sub-structure covered with corrugated metal "Robertson Decking". An air-entrained mixture of sand, cement, and, occasionally, pea gravel is pumped on top of the metal decking to a depth of 3 - 4 inches. Wire mesh is embedded in the mixture for strength. When set, composition roofing is utilized as the final, waterproof layer
LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE/NON STRUCTURAL
67
Fast and inexpensive to erect whether large or small. Corrugated covering may be steel, aluminum, or fiberglass over a metal or wood frame. 18 or 20 gauge corrugated steel is usually used
CORRUGATED ROOF Description
68
Similar to the gable roof, but has a modified "A" frame configuration. The ends of the roof terminate in a "hip" configuration (see picture and drawing). Conventional construction consists of ridge poles, rafters, and joists as in the gable roof. Various rafters in the system have special names to relate their purpose (see picture and drawing). Ridge and rafters are usually 2 x 6 or larger size lumber. Rafters are usually spaced 16" or 24" on center. Varying degrees of pitch are used
HIP ROOF Description
69
"A" frame configuration. Conventional construction consists of a ridge board, rafters extending from the ridge, board down to and across the outside walls, and joists which form the ceiling. Ridge and rafters are usually 2 x 6 or larger lumber size. Rafters are usually 16 inches to 24 inches on center. Additional support is provided by joists and collar beams. Roof is constructed in semi-flat to steep pitches
GABLE ROOF
70
This type of construction utilizes heavy dimension lumber and large support members. Rafters and joists are usually 2 x 6 or larger. Decking is usually 1 x 6 set perpendicular or diagonal to rafters. This construction is more fire resistant than the lightweight construction found in modern day buildings. Conventional construction is fairly safe for firefighting ventilation. It is most often found in pre-1960 buildings and less often as the buildings age becomes newer
CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION
71
Wooden truss members constructed from 2 x 12 lumber with sloping ends. Usually a heavy grade of construction. Metal tie rods may be used vertically for additional support. Joists are 2 x 6 or 2 x 8 and covered with 1x sheathing and composition roofing
BRIDGE TRUSS ROOF
72
An arched roof with metal tie rods and turnbuckles which offer lateral support. Tie rods are used below each arch to support the outside walls. The tie rods will occasionally pass through the outside wall and anchor to steel plates. This will facilitate identification of the roof type. Tension is maintained by turnbuckles. Top chord arch members may be 2 x 12 or larger. Rafters are 2 x 10 covered by 1x sheathing and composition roofing
BOWSTRING ARCH ROOF
73
Usually large size (2 x 12 or 2 x 14) wooden timbers utilized in the construction of this roof. Some arches incorporate multiple laminated beams to form one arch. Rafters of 2 x 10 or larger wood are covered with 1x sheathing and composition roofing materials
RIBBED (TRUSSED) ARCH ROOF
74
Egg-crate, geometric, or diamond patterned roof. This roof is commonly called a "Summerbell Roof" because it was most often constructed by the Summerbell Company. Constructed of 2 x 12 lumber, steel plates, and bolts at junctions of framing. Roof decking is 1x sheathing covered by composition roofing materials. The arch form is supported externally by trusses or internally by metal tie rods with turnbuckles. Many high school gymnasiums have this type of roof
LAMELLA SUMMERBELL ROOF
75
Wood joists or rafters of various sizes laid across the outside walls or from the outside walls to interior walls or interior structural supports. Joists may also be suspended by metal hangers. Joists are covered with 1x sheathing or plywood decking and composition roofing material. This is a very common roof found often on older 1940s1960s homes and commercial
CONVENTIONAL FLAT ROOF
76
Lightweight building and roof construction is currently very popular with architects and building contractors across the country. The costs of labor, equipment and materials are so high as to make it economically infeasible to construct the quality of building as was built prior to 1960. Ease of installation and utilization of lightweight components have become the standard particularly during more recent years. Heavy timber and 1x sheathing have been replaced by 2 x 4's and 1/2" plywood decking regardless of the building size. This trend has caused fire departments to lose their most valuable asset: TIME
LIGHTWEIGHT ROOF CONSTRUCTION
77
This roof may be found on structures constructed of wood, masonry, or concrete tilt-up slabs. It consists of four major components: 1. Laminated beams
2. Purlins
3. 2 x 4 joists
4. ½” or 5/8” plywood decking
After the walls are erected, the roof is usually constructed in the following manner:
laminated beams (lam beams, glue lams) of various sizes (6 x 36 inches are common) are initially installed spanning the length or width of the building. Note the old adage that structural members span the shortest distance on a structure is not valid for panelized roofs. These lam beams are supported on each end by pilasters, wood, steel posts, or steel saddles. Additional support may be provided by steel posts spaced along the span. Lam beams may be placed between 12 and 40 feet apart may be bolted together to provide lengths well in excess of 100 feet. Supported by these beams, wooden purlins are installed with metal hangers on 8 foot centers. Common size for purlins is 4 x 12 inches with length depending upon spacing of lam beams. 2 x 4 joists are installed between the purlins with metal hangers on 2 foot centers. Sheets of ½” plywood are nailed over this framework and covered with composition roofing. A three-layer insulation paper is stapled to the underside of the roof between the beams and purlins. The insulation paper consists of tar impregnated kraft paper covered on each side by thin aluminum foil. This paper offers little protection to the 2 x 4 joists and the ½” plywood decking
PANELIZED ROOF CONSTRUCTION
78
This type of construction consists of bottom and top parallel wooden supporting beams called chords. These chords are cross-connected by steel tube web members. The top chord is supported and, when loaded, is under compression. The load is transferred to the bottom chord which is unsupported. The bottom chord is in tension. Open web is prefabricated at the factory and delivered to the job site. The steel webs are constructed of 1-2 inch cold-rolled steel tubing with ends flattened. A hole is punched through the flat end which is then inserted into slots in the chords. Steel pins of up to 1" diameter are then driven through the chord and the flat end of the steel webbing completing the assembly. When these open web joists are installed, top chord members are secured to the top of the bearing wall with the bottom chord hanging free and unsupported. Spans of 70' are possible using a single 2 x 4 or two 2 x 3s as top and bottom chord members. Normal on center spacing is usually 2 feet. Covering is usually 1/2" plywood decking and composition roofing. This type of truss may be used in both floor and roof applications
OPEN WEB CONSTRUCTION
79
This type of construction utilizes that popular building material (metal) in a wide variety of buildings, large and small. Top and bottom chords are usually made from 1/8inch steel and web supports are solid 5/8-inch steel bar. Large buildings may have bar joists used as girders spaced up to 45-feet apart (depending on building size). Joists are spaced eight-feet apart to accept a plywood decking. Corrugated metal is a common decking material for bar joist construction and will range from a simple corrugated metal decking to corrugated metal covered by alternating layers of tar and tarpaper. These layers may also include a composition board or other type of material to provide insulation protection. Additionally, 4x8-foot sheets of 1/2-inch plywood with 2x4-inch joists are gaining popularity. This roof may have composition covering the decking
OPEN WEB BAR JOIST
80
This roof consists of three main components:
1. Top chord
2. Bottom chord
3. 3/8" plywood stem
The stem is joined to the top and bottom chords by a continuous glue edge joint. 2 x 4's are used as chords, but 2 x 3 chords are also common. Some chords may resemble plywood because of laminations. However, the laminations run horizontally in the chords. The trade name for this type chord is MicroLam. MicroLam differs from plywood in that plywood veneers have the grain of each veneer running 90 degrees to the one next to it. MicroLam chords are stronger than solid sawn lumber. Spans up to 40' may be found. Until adequately braced and the plywood decking is nailed down, these roofs are very unstable. Common on-center spacing for these beams is 2 feet. Half-inch plywood is used for decking. This support is used in floors and roofs
WOODEN “I” BEAM
81
Rough carpentry wood trusses used in commercial (Drawing A) and residential applications (Photos) utilize 2 x 4s held together by metal gusset plate connectors. This truss system is enjoying widespread use in roof, floor, rough window, and rough door openings. Trusses for roofs are constructed in a wide variety of forms. Regardless of form, however, these trusses share common features. Trusses are composed of top chords, bottom chords, and webbing (supports running between the top and bottom chords). All members of the truss are held together by metal gusset plates which vary in size, thickness and depth of penetration. Gussets are typically 18-gauge steel with prongs that penetrate the wood 3/8". When 2 x 4s are utilized as chords, spans of up to 55' may be obtained. These trusses as with the open web and wooden "I" beam types, are suspended at their outer edge only (an exception being cantilevered building portions). Interior partition walls do not provide any support along the span. Lateral stability for partition walls is provided by roof truss clips nailed to the bottom chord and to the top plate of the partition wall. Common on-center spacing for these trusses is usually 2 feet. The typical covering is 1/2" plywood and composition roofing material. Floor and roof systems may employ these type of trusses
METAL GUSSET PLATE CONSTRUCTION
82
What 7 things make up a ventilation size up
1. The type of construction and age of building
2. The location and extent of the fire
3. Access to building (landscaping, power lines)
4. The effective height of the building
5. Smoke, amount, direction and location
6. Side vents
7. Backdraft potential
83
What are the five safety procedures that should be considered as absolutes when attempting to ventilate over a fire
1. Always ladder the strong areas of the building away from potential structural problems such as windows, large doors, etc.
2. Always have two means of escape from the roof. If your only means of escape is by way of a ladder, make sure two ladders are placed. To accelerate the process, have the secondary ladder positioned by a subsequent arriving company. This should be accomplished by advising Command of the need for an additional means of egress and the desired location.
3. Ladder the building and approach the fire involved area from the uninvolved area. Ladders that extend 5 or 6 rungs above the roof or parapet are easier to locate and descend during a quick exit from the roof. Utilize the wind to advantage if possible.
4. A minimum of two firefighters should be assigned to ventilate. No single-person attempts to ventilate. This is inviting tragedy.
5. While ventilating, work from the weak area toward the strong area. This will take you back toward your means of escape if you planned properly
84
The technique is to remove substantial roof covering a sufficient distance from the fire to allow forces to group and make a stand over and under. The strip may be cut in support of partitions, firewalls, or any other barrier to fire. They may sometimes be cut on an exposure to release built-up heat from the structure
strip ventilation
85
What is the main idea with strip ventilation
The main idea with strip ventilation is that it is always defensive; it must be supported by hose lines and a heat hole
86
A wood or steel structural member which is fastened to or molded into the exterior wall of a structure. This member supports rafters and other structural members when they end at the inner surface of the exterior wall
Ledger Plate
87
A triangular hole (2' x 2' x 3') used to give specific information about the internal structure of a roof
Inspection Hole
88
In plywood decking this means that the 8' dimension of the plywood crosses the joists or rafters and the 4' dimension parallels them. The sheets of plywood are staggered much like brick or block walls
Diaphragm Nailing
89
A long hole cut in the roof to prevent the spread of fire from one area of a building to another. This is a defensive or secondary measure and should be used in conjunction with a heat hole to be most
Strip Ventilation Hole
90
1 x 6 inch boards placed 6" apart. Can be found in conventional or lightweight construction. Found on some tile and cedar shake roofs
Skip (Space) Sheathing
91
How is an inspection cut made
The first cut should be made at a 45-degree angle to the outside wall of the structure. This will insure that a support member will be found in the shortest time. Once the support member is located, the saw is removed from the cut. The second cut is made 45 degree to the first, and then the triangle is completed
92
This method of roof cutting is designed mainly for use on panelized roofs. It may, however, find uses in other applications. The pull-back method is a very good means of obtaining a lot of ventilation quickly. It is preferable to use five people to accomplish this. However, four people can do a respectable job. The members will be working from purlins, and be progressing toward a lam beam
PULL BACK METHOD
93
How Can two fans be used to increase air flow during ppv
To increase air flow and efficiency, two blowers in series may be used. One blower/fan is placed about 2’ from the opening, the second is placed 6-10’ away to form a cone over the opening
94
Can ppv be used with vertical ventilation
When positive pressure ventilation is utilized with vertical ventilation, the following steps should be utilized. Bring the blower/fan to the intake opening, start and turn it away from the door. All other exterior openings should be closed. Once the roof is opened and the ceiling pushed thru, the blower/fan is turned to pressurize the structure. As with horizontal ventilation, the heat and smoke will be pushed away from the firefighters and out of the ventilation hole
95
This Section is responsible for the development, implementation, and evaluation of programs necessary to enable fire personnel to provide emergency medical care to the citizens and visitors of Mesa
The ems section
96
When does a recruit relieve a performance appraisal on his rookie rotation
Give the PFF a progress report (this is not a City Performance Appraisal) at the end of each set for the first month, and at the end of each month for the rest of the PFF’s assignment to that Office
97
What is The amount of time/air that is available to work in your scba
The amount of time/air that is available to work is what is left after subtracting the time/air consumed going into the building, and allowing an equal amount of time/air to get out of the building, not including the reserve air.
98
How much air flows from the regulator
The regulator maintains this positive pressure during flows up to 500 LPM
99
What's the difference between EZ flo and EZ Flo 2 regulator
The Mesa Fire Department utilizes both Scott EZ-Flo and EZ-FLO II regulators. Although functionally the same the EZ-Flo II claims to have 25% less expiration resistance than the EZ-Flo.
100
What are face piece specs
The AV-3000 facepiece is a full facepiece which incorporates a large regulator port, a nose cup, and dual voicemitter assemblies with inhalation valves. It is held in place by a 6-point quad adjustment Kevlar head harness. It comes in three sizes and has four different sizes of nose cups which can be combined to give a custom fit and ensure a complete seal of the facepiece to the face. The nose cup is designed to be an integral part of the facepiece and does not need to be disassembled for cleaning and disinfecting.
101
How long before the pre alarm and full alarm sound
The pre alarm goes off after 20 seconds
102
What is the low battery indicator
If the low battery indication (one steady chirp every two seconds with no flashing lights) occurs at any time during the Daily Operational Inspection, do not use the respirator. Change all batteries immediately and repeat the Daily Operational Inspection
103
How many turns does. It take to fully open scba
Fully open the cylinder valve by turning the valve knob counterclockwise until it stops (approximately 2 ½ full turns of the knob)
104
How many batteries are in a pass device
The PASS device requires three “C” cell batteries in the battery compartment on the backframe to operate
105
What are times for pass alarm to go off
In the automatic mode the PASS device constantly monitors motion of the respirator backframe. The motion sensor is located in the sensor module along with the audible alarm. If the sensor module does not sense motion of the respirator for 20 seconds the PASS device will signal a pre-alarm. If there is still no motion of the respirator for 12 seconds the full alarm will sound.
106
How do you know when to change batteries
When the batteries require changing, the round LOW BATTERY indicator at the far right of the display will light for 20 seconds and then begin to flash slowly at once a second. When the LOW BATTERY indicator is actuated, the batteries will have sufficient life to operate the HEADS-UP display longer than the longest duration cylinder installed on the respirator. However, the batteries must be changed immediately upon termination of use, or before reentry into a hazardous atmosphere. See the Battery Replacement Procedure.
