spine

Question 1

how many vertebrae are in the spine

Answer 1

24

Question 2

how many of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are there

Answer 2

7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar

sacrum = 5 fused vertebrae
cocyx = 3-5 fused vertabrea

Question 3

what is in-between each vertebrae

Answer 3

intervertebral disc

Question 4

what is the function of the intervertebral disc

Answer 4

absorb shock

Question 5

what is the intervertebral disc made of

Answer 5

outer annulus fibrosis (fibrocartilage)

inside nucleus pulposes

Question 6

what happens when you get a slipped disc

Answer 6

nucleus pulposes herniates out the annulus fibrosis and presses on spinal nerves

Question 7

what is vertebrae c1 and c2 known as

Answer 7

c1= atlas
c2 = axis

Question 8

what allows the nodding of the head

Answer 8

atlanto-occipital joints of the atlas (c1) allow the flexion and extension of head

Question 9

what type of joints are the Atlanta-occipital joints

Answer 9

condyloid synovial joints

Question 10

what allows you to turn your head left and right

Answer 10

c2

Question 11

state all the components of a thoracic vertabrae

Answer 11

vertebral body
superior and inferior articular process
laminar
spinous process
transverse process

Question 12

what are the joints that joint adjacent vertebrae’s together + what type of joints are they

Answer 12

zygaphophyseal joints
synovial joints

Question 12

state all the components of a cervial vertebrae

Answer 12

transverse foramen
vertebral foramen
lamina
spinous process (bifid)
pedicle
transverse process
superior and inferior articular process

Question 13

how does the rib articulate with the thoracic vetabrae

Answer 13

via the superior and inferior demifacets and theres a facet on the transverse process that articulates with the tubercle of the rib

Question 14

how do adjacent vertebrae interact with each other

Answer 14

via the superior and inferior articulate facets

Question 15

what is the function of intervertebral foramen between articulating vertebrae

Answer 15

where spinal nerves emerge from

Question 16

from which vertebrae have the zygopopheaseal joing

Answer 16

The zygapophyseal joints extend between the axis (C2) and the first sacral vertebra (S1).

Question 17

what joint joins the c1 and c2

Answer 17

Atlanta-axial joint

Question 18

what do you call the joints between the vertebrae and ribs

Answer 18

costovertebral joints

Question 19

what do you call the joints between the transverse process and tuberosity of the rib

Answer 19

costotrasnverse joints

Question 20

what do you call the joints between the bones of the spine

Answer 20

facet joints

Question 21

what do you call the joint that joins the sacrum and ilium

Answer 21

sacroiliac joint

Question 22

what movements do the thoraspic spine allow

Answer 22

lateral flexion and rotation

Question 23

hat movements do the lumbar spine allow

Answer 23

flexion and extention

Question 24

what type of movements do the cervical spine allow

Answer 24

all flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation

Question 25

what feature of the atlas/c1 allow the nodding movement

Answer 25

the saddle shaped superior articular facets

Question 26

what feature of the axis/c2 allow the rotation of the neck

Answer 26

prong of the dens povide an axis which allows the atlas to rotate side to side

Question 27

what 2 muscle groups help the spinal movements and which muscle groups help with what movements

Answer 27

back muscles = help with extensioon abdominal muscles = help with flexion, lateral flexion and rotation

Question 28

specifically what muscles help with extention

Answer 28

erector spinae muscles

Question 29

specifically what muscles help flextion

Answer 29

rectus abdominis

Question 30

specifically what muscles help lateral flexion and rotation

Answer 30

quadrates lumborum internal/external obliques transverse abdominis

Question 31

what are the curvatures of the spine

Answer 31

cervial and lumbar = lordosis thoracic and sacral = kyphosis

Question 32

what do you call the extreme curvature of the thoracic spine

Answer 32

thoracic hyperkyphosis

Question 33

what do you call the extreme curvature of the lumbar spine

Answer 33

lumbar hyperlordisis

Question 34

what are the 5 ligaments of the spine

Answer 34

anterior/posterior longitudinal ligament supraspinous/intraspinous ligament ligamentum flavus (on both side so ligament flava)