Spirometra mansoni, Spirometra erinacei

Question 1

Spirometra spp:

Answer 1

Spirometra mansoni
Spirometra erinacei

Question 2

Length of Spirometra mansoni

Answer 2

up to 30 cm, encysted under skin

Question 3

geography of spirometra

Answer 3

South America and Asia

Question 4

order of spirometra

Answer 4

pseudophyllida

Question 5

IH of spirometra

Answer 5

1. Water crustaceans
2. Frog, reptiles, birds, small mammals, human

Question 6

PH of spirometra

Answer 6

Humans - can live up to 20 years in the human host.

Humans are paratenic host or 2nd IH and develop sparganosis. Humans obtain sparganosis by either drinking contaminated water with infected copepods or consuming the flesh of an undercooked 2nd IH (frog).

Question 7

FH of spirometra

Answer 7

Car – dog, cat, su, wild boar

Question 8

Morphology of spirometra

Answer 8

S. erinacei has an elongated scolex. Very similar to Diphyllobothrium.

Question 9

Larva of spirometra

Answer 9

Plerocercoid

called sparganum

Question 10

Pathogenesis of spirometra

Answer 10

1. Drinking water with crustaceans
2. Consumption of plerocercoid in 2nd IH – by raw meat
3. Special way: folk medicine, treatment of wounds and eyes with frog blood
4. Plerocercoid can penetrate skin

Question 11

CS of spirometra

Answer 11

Eyelid oedema, burning, tearing, corneal ulceration, headache, seizures, mental deterioration, memory loss, visual impairments, fetal

Question 12

Dx of spirometra

Answer 12

CT, ELISA, antibodies in serum

Question 13

Tx of spirometra

Answer 13

Surgical removal

Question 14

control of spirometra

Answer 14

Caution when drinking water from open sources.
Limitation of traditional oriental healing practices:
(shaman emptying blood of a frog into the eyes of humans in Africa)

Question 15

Location of spirometra

Answer 15

• Humans: subcutaneous tissues, eye & orbit
• FH: SI