STD's Bacteria and Parasitic (Exam 2)

Question 1

Chlamydia

Answer 1

Most common bacterial STD

Question 2

What is the most common bacterial STD

Answer 2

Chlamydia

Question 3

Chlamydia is caused by

Answer 3

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 4

Chlamydia incubation period?

Answer 4

1-3 weeks

Question 5

What is the most site of infection of chlamydia in men?

Answer 5

Urethra - urethritis

Question 6

What is the most common site of infection of chlamydia in women?

Answer 6

Cervix - cervicitis

Question 7

Chlamydia Manifestations:
Men
Women
Rectum

Answer 7

Asymptomatic (more spreading because people do not know)

Men:
-Pain with urination and discharge
-Rare swelling of testes

Women:
-Pain with urination and dischare
-Bleeding
-Pain with intercourse

Rectal:
-Anorectal pain
-Discharge
-Bleeding
-Pruritus
-Tenesmus (half to go but can’t)
-Mucus coated stools

Question 8

Chlamydia Complications

Answer 8

Infertility
&
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Question 9

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 9

complication of chlamydia

Damage fallopian tubes and increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy

Question 10

Chlamydia Diagnosis

Answer 10

Sexual history

Physical exam

Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT)

Question 11

Screening for Chlamydia

Answer 11

Regular screening for high-risk population recommended

Return for testing 3 months after treatment

Question 12

Chlamydia Treatment

Answer 12

Azithromycin
or
Doxycycline

Question 13

Chlamydia: Once Someone is diagnosed

Answer 13

All sexaul contact from prior 60 days should be notified and treated

Abstain from sexual activity for 7 days after treatment and until all partners have been tested and treated

Question 14

Gonococcal infection

Answer 14

Gonorrhea

Question 15

What is the second most common STD in the US

Answer 15

Gonorrhea

Question 16

Gonorrhea is caused by

Answer 16

Neisseria gonorrhoeae – gram-negative, diplococcus bacteria

Question 17

Gonorrhea incubation period

Answer 17

1-14 days

Question 18

Men side effects of gonorrhea

Answer 18

urethritis

Question 19

Women side effects of gonorrhea

Answer 19

cervicitis

Question 20

Gonorrhea Manifestations:
Men
Women
Rectual

Answer 20

Men:
-Symptomatic within few days
-Purulent discharge
-Epididymitis (hold sperm) (scrotom)

Women:
-Asymptomatic
-Bleeding after sex
-Frequent urination
-Redness and swelling of cervix

Same as Chlamydia

Question 21

Gonorrhea Complications: Men

Answer 21

symptomatic so likely to get treatment

-Infertility with epididymitis

Question 22

Gonorrhea Complications: Women

Answer 22

asymptomatic so more likely to get complications

-Bartholin’s glands (behind labia)
-Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
-Pregnancy complications (pass to neonate) (conjuctivitis)

Question 23

Gonorrhea Treatment

Answer 23

Treatment without results

High does single dose IM CEFTRIAXONE

Question 24

Trichomoniasis cause

Answer 24

Trichomonas vaginalis parasite

Question 25

What is the most common non viral STD in the world?

Answer 25

Trichomoniasis

Question 26

Is Trichomoniasis more common in men or women?

Answer 26

Women Men 3/4 cases = asymptomatic and spontaneous resolution within 10 days

Question 27

Trichomoniasis incubation period

Answer 27

1 week to 3 months (can be longer)

Question 28

Trichomoniasis Manifestations Men Women

Answer 28

Ranges from asymptomatic carrier --- acute, severe inflammatory disease Men: -Burning with urination / ejaculation Women: -Vaginal itching -Yellow and green discharge -Foul odor -STRAW BERRY cervix

Question 29

Trichomoniasis Complications

Answer 29

R/T inflammation if left untreated More likely to get another STI (particularly HIV)

Question 30

Trichomoniasis Diagnosis

Answer 30

NAAT Nucleic Acid Amplification Test

Question 31

Trichomoniasis Treatment

Answer 31

Antifungal Treatment Metronidazole (7-day course twice daily) (Flagyl) Tinidazole (single-dose PO) Abstain for 7 days and partners within 60 days are treated

Question 32

Trichomoniasis high or low rate of recurrence?

Answer 32

High so get tested again in 2 weeks to 3 months

Question 33

Syphilis

Answer 33

Bacterial Infection caused by treponema pallidum SEROUS long term complications if not treated early

Question 34

Syphilis is transmitted by

Answer 34

Direct contact with syphilitic ulcer (CHANCRE)

Question 35

Why is syphilis a risk in pregancy?

Answer 35

Can be transmitted to baby during pregnancy (high risk)

Question 36

Is the syphilis chancre external or internal?

Answer 36

Both

Question 37

Syphilis incubation

Answer 37

10-90 days (Average 21)

Question 38

Syphilis: Clinical Stages

Answer 38

EARLY Infectious SYPHILIS: -Primary = highly infectious (chancre appears and last 3-6 weeks) -Secondary 2-8 weeks after primary; bacterial dissemination - starts to affect nerves (meningitis) (blindness) (highly infectious) -Early latent: No symptoms within past 2 years = not contagious LATE SYPHILIS: -Late and Tertiary (rarely seen in antibiotic era) -Not infectious -1-20 years after initial infectious

Question 39

Primary syphilis

Answer 39

Incubation 10-90 days Highly infectious early stage Chancre appears Last 3-6 weeks

Question 40

Secondary Syphilis

Answer 40

2-8 weeks after primary Bacterial dissemination starts to affects nerves and neurons -meningitis -blindness -neurological symptoms

Question 41

Early Latent Syphilis

Answer 41

NO symptoms within the past two years Not contagious

Question 42

Late Syphilis

Answer 42

-Late and Tertiary (rarely seen in antibiotic era) -Not infectious -1-20 years after initial infectious

Question 43

Syphilis Complications

Answer 43

Early Chancres increase HIV transmission Neurosyphilis Cardiovascular syphilis Gummatous syphilis

Question 44

Neurosyphilis

Answer 44

Complication of syphilis -Permanent damage with CNS -Visual Impairment -Dementia

Question 45

Cardio Vascular Syphilis

Answer 45

Complication of syphilis -Chest pain -Dyspnea -Murmur -Cardiomegaly

Question 46

Gummatous syphilis

Answer 46

Complication of syphilis -unusual scarring on skin -changes in nasal septum and palate

Question 47

Syphilis Diagnosis

Answer 47

First: -VDRL + -Confirmatory postive screening (treponemal antigen)

Question 48

Why do you need multiple test?

Answer 48

False results can occur based on timing of infection (incubation)

Question 49

Syphilis Treatment

Answer 49

Treated with Penicillin G for all stages Doxycycline or tetracycline can be used if allergic