STEP2: Highly Tested Drug Rxns Flashcards
(29 cards)
What adverse reaction is associated with Doxorubicin and Daunorubicin?
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Prevent with dexrazoxane
Which drug can cause pulmonary fibrosis, thyroid dysfunction, and QT prolongation?
Amiodarone
Monitor PFTs, TFTs, and LFTs
What is the risk associated with Hydralazine, Procainamide, and Isoniazid?
Drug-induced lupus
Characterized by anti-histone antibodies
Which drugs are known to cause QT prolongation leading to Torsades de Pointes?
Sotalol, Macrolides, Haloperidol, Methadone
Hal was too slow to sew the law so mac did meth
What adverse effects can ACE inhibitors (-prils) cause?
Cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia
cough up the perks angie
Switch to ARB if cough occurs
What condition can non-selective beta-blockers like propranolol induce?
Bronchospasm
Avoid in asthma/COPD
What are the side effects of Loop diuretics like furosemide?
Hypokalemia, ototoxicity
Can cause metabolic alkalosis
What adverse effects are associated with Thiazide diuretics?
Hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia
Thia sighed at her poka dots, she thought they would perc her up but no they did na
Can trigger gout
What side effects does Spironolactone cause?
Hyperkalemia, gynecomastia
Switch to eplerenone if gynecomastia occurs
Which drugs are known for nephrotoxicity?
Aminoglycosides, Amphotericin B, Cisplatin, NSAIDs
A mean old broad said my amp b plastin
What condition can Lithium and Demeclocycline cause?
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
What significant hematologic adverse effect is associated with Heparin?
HIT (heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)
What serious condition can Chloramphenicol cause?
Aplastic anemia
A condition characterized by pancytopenia due to bone marrow failure with reduced bone marrow cellularity. Typically acquired and idiopathic but can occur secondary to other causes (e.g., medications or viral infections) or as part of an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome (e.g., Fanconi anemia).
What drugs can cause hemolysis in G6PD deficiency?
Sulfa drugs, Dapsone, Primaquine, Nitrofurantoin
Sulfa, the prom queen, roleld up in her G6 with her nitro cold brew and dapped up her friends
What neurologic adverse effect can Fluoroquinolones cause?
Tendon rupture, CNS toxicity
Includes seizures and confusion in elderly
What symptoms can Metoclopramide and Antipsychotics cause?
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Includes dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia
What adverse effect is associated with Bupropion?
Seizures
Especially in eating disorders
What can Isoniazid and Hydralazine lead to?
Peripheral neuropathy
Prevent with B6/pyridoxine
What features are associated with Glucocorticoids?
Cushingoid features, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis
What are the adverse effects of SGLT2 inhibitors (-flozins)?
UTIs, euglycemic DKA
What serious skin condition can Sulfa drugs and Allopurinol cause?
SJS/TEN
What syndrome can Vancomycin cause?
Red man syndrome
Histamine release; prevent with slow infusion
What adverse effect is associated with Tetracyclines?
Photosensitivity
What hematologic adverse effect is associated with Clozapine?
Agranulocytosis
Monitor WBCs weekly at initiation,
A condition characterized by the absence of granulocytes or severe neutropenia. Because of immune suppression, patients with agranulocytosis are at risk for life-threatening infections. Most commonly seen as a toxic effect (myelosuppression) in cytostatic therapy, but it is also an adverse effect of certain drugs, including clozapine, carbamazepine, propylthiouracil, and methimazole. Diseases affecting the bone marrow, such as aplastic anemia and leukemias, can also cause agranulocytosis.
