Study Guide Microbial Genetics (pt4)

Question 1

Which mutation is usually not highly significant?

Answer 1

Base substitution

Question 2

Which mutation results in significantly different or nonfunctional proteins?

Answer 2

Frameshift mutation

Question 3

Which mutation results in major change or non-functional cell?

Answer 3

Gross mutation

Question 4

What is a small circular, self-replicating piece of DNA in bacteria?

Answer 4

Plasmid

Question 5

What is the integration of DNA of a temperate bacteriophage into the bacterial chromosome where it replicates along with the bacterial chromosome?

Answer 5

Lysogeny

Question 6

What is the transfer of genetic material between donor and recipient cells involving direct cell to cell contact?

Answer 6

Conjugation

Question 7

What is the direct transfer of genes from one bacterium to another as “naked” DNA in solution?

Answer 7

Transformation

Question 8

What is the transfer of DNA from donor bacterium to recipient bacterium by using a bacterial virus as the vehicle?

Answer 8

Transduction

Question 9

What are the three ways that mutation can occur?

Answer 9

Spontaneous mutation, chemical mutagens, and radiation

Question 10

How often does spontaneous mutation occur?

Answer 10

once every million (10^6)

Question 11

what are examples of chemical mutagens?

Answer 11

nitrous acid and base analogs

Question 12

What are examples of radiation?

Answer 12

x-rays, gamma rays, UV light