T1L4 neural tissues Flashcards
1
Q
cns vs pns
A
central ns:
- brain and spinal chord
- info processing
- reflexes and behaviour
peripheral ns:
- sensory detection
- motor activation
2
Q
afferent vs efferent
A
afferent: sensory info to cns
efferent: motor info from cns to effector
3
Q
ganglion
A
- group of cell bodies outside the cns
motor
sensory eg dorsal root ganglia
4
Q
nucleus in cns
A
- group of neurons
5
Q
directions in brains
A
rostral = towards nose caudal = towards tail medial = towards mid-sagittal plane dorsal = towards back of head and upwards ventral = opposite of dorsal
6
Q
brodmann areas of neocortex
A
a brodmann area is a region of cortex
- there are 52 brodmann areas
- each has its own inputs and outputs
- often a brodmann area will have a function
7
Q
neuron diagram
A
s12
8
Q
neuron classification
A
multipolar, bipolar, unipolar
- all neurons have only one axon
multipolar = lots of dendrites bi = 2 mono = 1
9
Q
3 important neurons
A
- pyramidal cell (neocortex)
- purkinje cell (cerebellum)
- dorsal root ganglion (sensory neuron)
10
Q
pseudounipolar
A
- sensory neuron in pns
- one axon split into 2 branches
- one runs to pns other to spinal chord
- cell bodies form dorsal root ganglion
see s16
11
Q
postsynaptic cell can be:
A
- neuron
- myocyte
- gland
12
Q
convergent vs divergent
A
p self explanatory if you don’t mind me saying
divergent = a single neurons sends outputs to multiple neurons
convergent = multiple inputs influence one neuron
13
Q
interneurons
A
- neither sensory or motor
- process signals
(relay neurons) - the brain is 80% interneurons
14
Q
glia
A
- have no action potentials
- do not form synapses
- are able to divide (most common source of ns tumours)
- form myelin sheaths
- support and protect neurons
- there are many more glia than neurons
15
Q
glial cell types
A
- ependymal cell
- astrocyte
- oligodendrocyte
- pia mater
- microglial cell
- Schwann cells (pns)
- satellite cells (pns)
