test 1

Question 3

What are the six key characteristics of living things?

Answer 3

Unique molecular composition (carbon-based); require energy and raw materials; composed of cells; maintain homeostasis; respond to environment; grow and reproduce; populations evolve over time.

Question 4

What is the smallest unit of biological classification?

Answer 4

Species

Question 5

What domain are humans classified in?

Answer 5

Eukarya

Question 6

What are the four kingdoms in the domain Eukarya?

Answer 6

Protista, Animalia, Fungi, Plantae

Question 7

What is science?

Answer 7

Both a body of knowledge and a process for gaining new knowledge.

Question 8

What are the steps of the scientific method?

Answer 8

Observation, hypothesis, experiment, data collection, conclusion.

Question 9

What is a radioisotope used for?

Answer 9

Dating fossils and treating cancer.

Question 10

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

Answer 10

7

Question 11

What does a pH of 8 indicate?

Answer 11

The solution is alkaline (basic).

Question 12

What is the most important monosaccharide for energy?

Answer 12

Glucose

Question 13

What are the four major macromolecules in biology?

Answer 13

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids.

Question 14

What is the function of proteins?

Answer 14

Catalysts (enzymes), structure, transport, defense, signaling.

Question 15

What happens when the outermost phosphate is removed from ATP?

Answer 15

Energy is released to do work for the cell.

Question 16

What bonds hold hydrogens to oxygen in a water molecule?

Answer 16

Covalent bonds

Question 17

What bonds attract one water molecule to another?

Answer 17

Hydrogen bonds

Question 18

What organelle contains genetic material in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 18

Nucleus

Question 19

Where does most cellular respiration occur?

Answer 19

Mitochondria

Question 20

What is required for active transport across a plasma membrane?

Answer 20

Input of energy (usually ATP)

Question 21

Which tissue can generate electrical signals?

Answer 21

Nervous tissue

Question 22

What membrane lines the inner surfaces of the airways and digestive tract?

Answer 22

Mucous membrane

Question 23

What is the function of the skin?

Answer 23

Provides protection from dehydration.

Question 24

What type of gland are sweat glands?

Answer 24

Exocrine glands

Question 25

What is the first step in hemostasis?

Answer 25

Vascular spasm

Question 26

What is the sliding filament theory?

Answer 26

Myosin pulls actin filaments toward the center of a sarcomere, causing contraction.

Question 27

What type of muscle fibers are useful for short, powerful bursts?

Answer 27

Fast-twitch fibers

Question 28

Where would you find small motor units?

Answer 28

Eye muscles

Question 29

What is the main source of rapid ATP for muscle power?

Answer 29

Creatinine phosphate

Question 30

What antigens are present on O+ red blood cells?

Answer 30

Rh antigen

Question 31

What is the main function of platelets?

Answer 31

Blood clotting

Question 32

What is homeostasis?

Answer 32

State of internal balance maintained by living organisms.

Question 33

What is the primary function of arteries?

Answer 33

Carry blood away from the heart; highest blood pressure.

Question 34

Can white blood cells leave blood vessels?

Answer 34

Yes, to enter tissue fluid between cells.

Question 35

What is the function of coronary arteries?

Answer 35

Supply heart muscle with nutrients and oxygen.

Question 36

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 36

Composed of a phospholipid bilayer; controls entry/exit of substances.