Test Five Flashcards by Professor Johansen

Prokaryotic cells lack a…

Nuclues and Membrane Bound Organelles

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Most bacteria cells exhibit one of three basic shapes…

shperes, rods & spirals

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Bacilii means…

Rod

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Cocci means…

Spherical

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Spirillum means…

Curved

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Bacteria reproduce _____________ by _______________ but most occasionally exchange some genetic material.

asexually; binay fission

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Archaea live in…

extreme conditions

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Archaea are not associated with…

Human disease

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Protista are from what domain?

Eukarya

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Name for Fungus like protista

Slime molds and Water molds

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Name for animal like protista

Protozoa

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Name for plant like protista

Algae

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Slime molds gather their food by…

decomposing their food

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Protozoa are broken down into four main groups–

Identify these four groups and give the main characteristic.

Flagellates - move using a flagella

Ciliates - Move using cilia

Amoeboids - Move using pseudopodia

Sporozoans - Rely on their host to move

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All algae have this in common?

Algae are grouped by this feature?

Photosynthis Mechanics

Color

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Algae lacks…

True stems, leaves and roots.

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The four main algae groups are…

Green, Red, Brown, and Golden Algae

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This algae is also known as diatoms

golden algae

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Fungi are more closely related to…

Animals

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Fungi are…

A. heterotrophic

B. autotrophic

C. Monotrophic

D. Homotrophic

A. Heterotrophic

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Fungi store their energy as…

Animalia store their energy as…

Glycogen

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Single celled fungi are called…

Fillamentous fungi are called…

Yeast

Molds

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Aquatic fungi that produce flagellated gammetes….

Chytrid Fungi

Phylum Chytridomychota

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Produces zygospores as their sexual reproductive spores

Zygote fungi

Phylum Zygomychota

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Produce ascospores within a special structure termed an ascus

sac fungi phylum ascomychota

Produce basidiospores in a basidium

Club Fungi Phylum Basidiomychota

Yeast reproduced by...

budding

A fungus living in close association with an algae is called a... Three examples are...

Lichens Crustose, fruticose, foliose

The two organisms in lichens are in a...relationship that is...

symbitoic; mutualistic

Particles consisting of a nucleic acid in a protein coat

viruses

Circular molecule of RNA that effects plants

viroid

Missfolded proteins that infect cells

preons

Plants alternate generations. The diploid stage is called... and the haploid stage is called...

sporophyte;gametophyte

What are the four divisions of plants

mosses ferns conifers flowering

What is the scientific name and description of mosses

Briophytes - seedless and avascular

What is the scientific name and description of ferns

Pteridophytes - seedless and vascular

What is the scientific name and description of conifers

Gymnosperms - naked seeds, vascular

What is the scientific name and description of flowering plants

Angioserms - enclosed seeds

Bryophytes require... for fertilization

water

Bryophytes get their water thorugh...

diffusion

The study of how organisms interact with their environment

ecology

A network of organisms and their physical environment

ecosystem

Group of interbreeding organisms within a specific location

populations

A collectionof populations in a specific locatioin

communities

Non living material

abiotic components

Organisms that live very close together

symbiosis

Both symbiots benefit

mutualism

One symbiot benefits and the other is unaffected

comensalism

One symbiot benefits at the expense of another

parasitism

Use carbon dioxide as a carbon source

autotrophs plants and algae

Use organic molecules from other organisms as a carbon source

heterotrophs herbivors, omnivors, carnivors, and decomposers

The food chain is divided into groups that feed in a similar manner called...

trophic levels.

The trophic levels are...

producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers

In actuality the food chain is more of a

food web

Energy Pyramid -- approximately... of potential energy is transfered to the next trophic level

10%

The four facors that affect population size are...

Birth, Death, Immigration, Emigration

The maximum number of offspring an animalcapable of producing is...

biotic potential

All individuals within a population are producing within their biotic potential

Intrinsic rate of increase.

Factors that prevent a population from gorwing at its intrinsic rate of increase are...

enviromental resistance factors including: carrying capacity, density independant factors, density dependant factors.

The unique way in which an organism interacts withits environment...

niche

A biogeochamical... is normally unavailable

reservoir

A biogeochemical...is the source for organisms

exchange pool

The three stages of the water cycle are...

evaporation, condensation, precipitation

The two stages of the phosphorous cycle are...

upheavel and weathering

The three stages to the nitrogen cycle are...

nitorgen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification

the two stages of the carbon cycle are...

photosynthesis and respiration

Factors that effect ecosystem are...

solar radiation, topogrophy

Terestrial ecosystems are called...

biomes

The eight biomes on earth are...

tropical forrest savannah desert chaperel temperate grassland temperate deciduos forrest coniferous forrest tundra

Describe Tundra

Areas of extream cold and little precipitation. Treeless due to permafrost.

Describe coniferous forrest.

Areas with long cold winters. Most precipitation is snow. Poor nutrient content soil.

Describe temperate forrest.

Areas with four distinct seasons. Deciduous trees. Rich soil

Describe tropical forests.

Found close to the equater. Tremendous biodiversity. Poor soil.

Describe Savannahs.

Areas of warm climate with a long dry season. Lots of grasses, few trees.

Describe temperate grasslands.

Areas with wide range of temperatures. Extreamly fertile.

Describe chaperal.

Areas with mild rainy winters and long hot, dry summers. Waxy leaf addaptations for retaining moisture.

Describe deserts.

Areas that are dry and may be very hot or very cold. Fertile soil if water is available.

Aquatic ecosystems include...

freshwater, saltwater, and esutaries.

Estuaries are

where fresh water and salt water meet.

All lakes and ponds can be divided into three zones, list and describe these zones.

Littoral zone- close to water surface and to shore limnetic zone- close to water surface, but far from shore profundal zone- deep water habitats in pond and lakes

Biotic organisms in estuaries have

adaptations that allow them to deal with changing alinity conditions.

Ocean habitats are divided by either...or...

depth of water; proximity to shore

Intertidal Zone is the

closest marine zone to shore sometimes underwater, sometime above water

Neritic Zone is the

underwater marine zone habitat near to the coast

Oceanic Zone is the

marine habitat that is the farther out deep zone

The colonization of bare land devoid of soil

primary succesion

The colonization of land with soil intact

secondary succession.