Textbook System - Digestive System

Question 1

Which of the following are part of the digestive system, but are not part of the alimentary canal?
- A) duodenum, jejunum, ileum
- B) stomach, esophagus, pharynx
- C) liver, pancreas, gallbladder
- D) mouth, pharynx, rectum

Answer 1

C) liver, pancreas, gallbladder

Question 2

connective tissue of the mucosa is called the

Answer 2

lamina propria

Question 3

The myenteric plexus is located in which layer of the alimentary canal?

Answer 3

muscularis

Question 4

The nerve plexus that controls secretions by the GI tract is located in the

Answer 4

submucosa

Question 5

Which peritoneal modification supports the large intestine?

Answer 5

mesocolon

Question 6

The space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum is the __ cavity.

Answer 6

peritoneal

Question 7

Which two regions of the large intestine are retroperitoneal?

Answer 7

ascending colon and descending colon

Question 8

digestion begins in the

Answer 8

mouth

Question 9

Taste buds are found in elevations on the dorsal surface of the tongue called

Answer 9

papillae

Question 10

Mumps is a viral infection, inflammation, and enlargement of the

Answer 10

parotid salivary glands

Question 11

The duct of the parotid gland enters the mouth cavity near the

Answer 11

second maxillary molar

Question 12

Secretion of saliva stops

Answer 12

when the body is dehydrated

Question 13

The deciduous molars are replaced in the adult by the

Answer 13

premolars (bicuspids)

Question 14

The branch of dentistry that is concerned with the prevention and correction of abnormally aligned teeth is

Answer 14

orthodontics

Question 15

What is the function of the epiglottis?

Answer 15

To close off the nasopharynx during swallowing

Question 16

Which part of the tooth is harder than bone?

Answer 16

dentin

Question 17

The esophageal hiatus is in the

Answer 17

diaphragm

Question 18

The wavelike, rhythmic contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called

Answer 18

peristalsis

Question 19

During the act of deglutition

Answer 19

food moves from the mouth to the stomach

Question 20

The passage of a bolus of solid food from the mouth to the stomach takes about

Answer 20

4-8 seconds

Question 21

The pyloric sphincter is found between the

Answer 21

stomach and duodenum

Question 22

Gastric glands increase their secretory activity in response to a hormone released from the

Answer 22

stomach

Question 23

The intrinsic factor is produced by ___ cells of the gastric glands

Answer 23

parietal

Question 24

What are rugae?

Answer 24

folds of the mucosa of the stomach

Question 25

The inner lining of the stomach is made up of

Answer 25

simple columnar epithelium

Question 26

Hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach by the

Answer 26

parietal cells

Question 27

What is the function of the parietal gland?

Answer 27

secrete HCl and intrinsic factor

Question 28

The ducts of the pancreas and liver connect to the digestive tract at the

Answer 28

duodenum

Question 29

Trypsin and chymotrypsin are enzymes of the pancreatic juice that act on

Answer 29

proteins

Question 30

The only substance in bile that aids in digestion is

Answer 30

bile salts

Question 31

The cystic duct is attached to the

Answer 31

gallbladder

Question 32

Which digestive gland produces bile?

Answer 32

liver

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a function of hepatocytes? - A) secretion of digestive enzymes - B) secretion of bile - C) detoxifying alcohol - D) synthesizing cholesterol

Answer 33

D) synthesizing cholesterol

Question 34

Gallstones are formed from the fusion of crystallized

Answer 34

cholesterol

Question 35

The physical and chemical breakdown of food is completed primarily in the

Answer 35

small intestine

Question 36

What are the names of the three sections of the small intestine?

Answer 36

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 37

The final products of protein digestion are

Answer 37

amino acids

Question 38

Absorption of nutrients occurs primarily in the

Answer 38

small intestine

Question 39

The crypts of Lieberkuhn (intestinal glands) are found in the

Answer 39

small intestine

Question 40

Salivary amylase digestive activity

Answer 40

continues in the stomach until the stomach acids deactivate it

Question 41

pepsin action ceases in the duodenum because of the presence of

Answer 41

bicarbonate ions from the pancreas

Question 42

The finger-like projections of the small intestine that give the mucosa a velvety appearance and greatly increase the surface area are called

Answer 42

villi

Question 43

Most carbohydrate digestion takes place in the

Answer 43

small intestine

Question 44

There are no lipase enzymes secreted by the gland cells of the

Answer 44

small intestine

Question 45

All lipids are absorbed through the brush border of the small intestine by the process of:

Answer 45

simple diffusion

Question 46

Although over 9 liters of water enter the small intestine, the amount lost in the feces is only about:

Answer 46

0.1 liter

Question 47

Tubular glands formed by simple columnar epithelium and goblet cells that extend the full thickness of the mucosa are found in the

Answer 47

large intestine

Question 48

The pancreas is stimulated to release its secretions by

Answer 48

secretin

Question 49

Which hormone stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice that is rich in digestive enzymes and contraction of the wall of the gallbladder to release bile?

Answer 49

cholecystokinin

Question 50

The thought or smell of food initiates the __ phase of stomach secretion and motility

Answer 50

cephalic

Question 51

During the intestinal phase of gastric digestion

Answer 51

gastric secretions and motility decrease

Question 52

Secretion of gastrin and stimulation of the vagus nerve cause

Answer 52

increased stomach motility, contraction of the esophageal sphincter, and relaxation of the pyloric sphincter

Question 53

The hormone that causes secretion of pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate ions is

Answer 53

cholecystokinin

Question 54

In the embryo, the inner lining of most of the digestive tract is formed form

Answer 54

endoderm

Question 55

Dentists recommend that plaque be removed from the teeth at least every

Answer 55

24 hours

Question 56

The second leading cause of CA deaths in males, after deaths from lung CA, is

Answer 56

colorectal CA