Textiles And Fabrics

Question 1

What are the two types of fabrics?

Answer 1

Natural & man made.

Question 2

What are examples of natural fabrics?

Answer 2

Animal: Wool.
Plant: Cotton.

Question 3

What is an example of wool?

Answer 3

Tweed.

Question 4

What are the properties of wool?

Answer 4

Soft.
Weak when wet.
Piles and felts easily.

Question 5

What are the guidelines when using wool?

Answer 5

Dry flat to prevent stretching.
No bleaching.
No tumble drying to prevent shrinkage & felting.

Question 6

What are the textile uses for wool?

Answer 6

Clothing: Jumpers, hats, scarves & coats.
Household textiles: Rugs, curtains & blankets.

Question 7

What is an example of cotton?

Answer 7

Denim.

Question 8

What are the properties of denim?

Answer 8

Strong when wet.
Easy to dye - change colour.
Creases easily.

Question 9

What are the guidelines when using denim?

Answer 9

Wash at max 95 degrees in washing machine.
Can tumble dry.
Hot iron.

Question 10

What are the uses of denim?

Answer 10

Clothes: Jeans, jackets & jumpers.
Household textiles: Towels, sheets & curtains.

Question 11

What are the two types of man-made fabrics?

Answer 11

Synthetic: Polyester.
Regenerated: Viscose.

Question 12

What is synthetic polyester made from?

Answer 12

Coal & oil heated with other chemicals.

Question 13

What are the properties of polyester?

Answer 13

Easy to wash.
Non absorbent - quick to dry.
Drapes well.

Question 14

What are the guidelines for polyester care?

Answer 14

No tumble dry.
Cool iron.
Machine wash - 40.

Question 15

What are the uses of polyester?

Answer 15

Clothes: Hoodies & jackets.
Textiles: Bed linen & curtains.

Question 16

What is regenerated viscose made from?

Answer 16

Made from cotton & plant waste mixed with chemicals & heated.

Question 17

What are the properties of viscose?

Answer 17

Drapes well.
Absorbent - dries slowly.
Creases easily.

Question 18

What are the guidelines for viscose?

Answer 18

Cool iron.
Machine wash - 40 degrees.
No bleach.

Question 19

What are the functions of clothes?

Answer 19

Weather protection.
Modesty.
Self expression.
To impress.

Question 20

What are the functions of household textiles?

Answer 20

Warmth.
Protection.
Comfort.
Decor.

Question 21

What factors should be considered when choosing textiles?

Answer 21

Suitability.
Cost.
Personal preferences.
Cleaning & care.
Durability.

Question 22

What are desirable qualities of textiles?

Answer 22

Easy to dye.
Durable/strong.
Crease resistant.
Stain resistant.

Question 23

What is a high-risk fabric?

Answer 23

Cotton - burns very quickly, melts & splatters.

Question 24

What is a low-risk fabric?

Answer 24

Wool - smolders & will extinguish.

Question 25

What is Combustion Modified High Resilience (CMHR) foam?

Answer 25

Foam that will not catch fire as it has been changed to prevent it.

Question 26

What is a flame retardant finish?

Answer 26

Applied to fabric to reduce risk of catching fire & self extinguishes when removed from flames.

Question 27

What are the effects of proban?

Answer 27

Reduces risk of items catching fire & self extinguishes if it does. May cause allergic reactions. Makes fabric more expensive.

Question 28

What does the Fire Safety (Domestic Furniture) Order state?

Answer 28

Fabrics must pass fire safety tests. Foam filling must be CMHR foam. Permanent labels must be securely attached.

Question 29

What must be on permanent labels under the fire safety act?

Answer 29

Name & address of manufacturer/importer. Description of filling & cover material.

Question 30

What does a square swing label indicate?

Answer 30

Materials used meet requirements for resistance to cigarette & match ignition.

Question 31

What does a triangle swing label indicate?

Answer 31

Covering fabric has not passed the match test but has a fire-resistant liner.

Question 32

What factors affect effective cleaning of fabrics?

Answer 32

Water temperature. Amount of agitation. Detergents used. Water extraction. Type of water used.

Question 33

What are the types of detergents?

Answer 33

Oxygen bleach. Fluoresces. Enzymes. Surfactants.

Question 34

What does oxygen bleach do?

Answer 34

Removes stains & brightens clothes by releasing hydrogen peroxide.

Question 35

What is the function of fluoresces in detergents?

Answer 35

Allows fabric to absorb UV light & re-emit blue light for a whiter appearance.

Question 36

What do enzymes do in detergents?

Answer 36

Break down protein stains (e.g., blood, milk) but must be used at low temperatures.

Question 37

What is the role of surfactants in detergents?

Answer 37

Reduce surface tension of water, allowing it to penetrate fabrics.