Thalamus

Question 1

relay station

Answer 1

thalamus

Question 2

involved in the maintenance of homeostasis, the regulation of feeding, drinking and sexual activity , circadian rhythm, and emotional expression

Answer 2

hypothalamus

Question 3

mesencephalon develops into the

Answer 3

midbrain

Question 4

diencephalon develops into the

Answer 4

thalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus

Question 5

Theepithalamusis a small region of the diencephalon consisting of the _________, _______ nuclei, and _________.

Answer 5

Theepithalamusis a small region of the diencephalon consisting of the pineal gland, habenular nuclei, and stria medullaris thalami.

Question 6

The pineal gland contains no true neurons, only

Answer 6

glial cells

Question 7

The stria medullaris connects fibers from

Answer 7

the habenular nuclei with the limbic system

Question 8

Fibers from neurons in the zona incerta project to many areas, including the _________, and may exert an _________ on the motor pathways.

Answer 8

including the cerebral cortex and may exert an inhibitory effect on motor pathways

Question 9

white matter running between the basal ganglia and thalamus

Answer 9

internal capsule- fibers from CST and CBT

Question 10

all sensory systems except the _________ project to the thalamus

Answer 10

olfactory system

Question 11

medial geniculate body is associated with the

Answer 11

auditory system

Question 12

lateral geniculate body is associated with

Answer 12

visual system

Question 13

Geniculate pathway:

Inf collic——>__________——–>Heschl’s gyrus

Answer 13

medial genic

Question 14

Geniculare pathway:

Optic tract——>__________—–>visual cortex

Answer 14

lateral genic

Question 15

somatosensroy nuclei

Answer 15

VPL and VPM

Question 16

VPL nuclei associated with

Answer 16

body

Question 17

VPM nuclei associated with

Answer 17

face

Question 18

Somatosensory pathway:

SPT, post cols——->______———>sensory cortex

Answer 18

VPL

Question 19

Somatosensory pathway:

Trigeminal (all modalities)——->_______—–>lower end of sensory cortex

Answer 19

VPM

Question 20

motor system nuclei

Answer 20

VA-basal ganglia and VL- cerebellum

Question 21

cingulate gyrus associated with the

Answer 21

limbic cortex

Question 22

regulation of membrane and emotion

Answer 22

limbic cortex

Question 23

Motor system:

GP——->_____——>Motor and motor association

Answer 23

VA- basal ganglia

Question 24

Motor system:

Deep nuclei——->_____——>Motor and motor association

Answer 24

VL- cerebellum

Question 25

Limbic system: MB------> _____---->cingulate gyrus Amygdala---->______---->Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 25

MB------> anterior---->cingulate gyrus Amygdala---->DM---->Prefrontal Cortex

Question 26

the thalamus allows for modulation of signals they enter the cortex. this allows for?

Answer 26

selective attention

Question 27

Lacunar infarcts are small infarcts (2–20 mm in diameter) in the deep cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, or pons, presumed to result from the occlusion of

Answer 27

a single small perforating artery supplying the subcortical areas of the brain

Question 28

Degenerative changes in small blood vessels, marked by the accumulation of a glassy- or waxy-appearing lipid within the vessel wall

Answer 28

Lipohyalinosis

Question 29

A deposit or degenerative accumulation of lipid-containing plaques on the innermost layer of the wall of an artery

Answer 29

Microatheroma

Question 30

pure sensory stroke involves the ____ and ____ and that leads to

Answer 30

VPL and VPM and leads to loss of all sensation from body and face

Question 31

thalamic hemorrhage is associated with issues to the

Answer 31

internal capsule

Question 32

what is usually associated with thalamic hemorrhage which is an area of the brain prone to develop spont. intracerebral hemorrhage

Answer 32

Hypertension

Question 33

thalamic hemorrhage leads to

Answer 33

commonly contralateral hemianesthesia (numbness), mild hemiparesis, hemiataxia, and sometimes intolerable intractable severe dysesthetic pain in half of the body

Question 34

thalamic coma is caused by an infarct of the basilar artery that affects

Answer 34

reticular activating systems

Question 35

Association systems: Cortex ----------> ______-------->Cortex Limbic---------->_______-------->Frontal

Answer 35

Cortex ----------> Pulvinar-------->Cortex Limbic---------->Dorsomedia-------->Frontal