cerebral cortex

Question 1

a depression or fissure in the surface of the brain separating gyri.

Answer 1

sulcus

Question 2

Any of the prominent, rounded, elevated convolutions on the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres.

Answer 2

gyrus

Question 3

Larger sulci are termed

Answer 3

fissures

Question 4

divides the brain into the left and right hemispheres.

Answer 4

Sagital sulcus (Longitudinal fissure)

Question 5

Sulcus immediately anterior to the central sulcus in the frontal lobe.

Answer 5

Precentral sulcus

Question 6

divides the frontal from the parietal lobe.

Answer 6

Central sulcus

Question 7

Sulcus immediately posterior to the central sulcus in the parietal lobe.

Answer 7

Postcentral sulcus

Question 8

A long,deep sulcus on the lateral aspect of each cerebral hemisphere which separates the temporal lobe from the rest of the cortex.

Answer 8

Lateral Sulcus (Sylvian fissure)

Question 9

divides the brain into the left and right hemispheres.

Answer 9

Sagital sulcus (Longitudinal fissure)

Question 10

separates the occipital lobe from the parietal lobe.

Answer 10

Parietoccipital sulcus

Question 11

A lateral sulcus in the parietal lobe.

Answer 11

Intraparietal sulcus

Question 12

Sulci separating the superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri.

Answer 12

Superior and inferior frontal sulci

Question 13

Sulci separating the superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri.

Answer 13

Superior and inferior temporal sulci

Question 14

Most dorsal gyrus in the frontal lobe.

Answer 14

superior frontal gyrus

Question 15

Middle gyrus in the frontal lobe (residing between superior and inferior frontal gyri).

Answer 15

Middle frontal gyrus

Question 16

Most ventral gyrus in the frontal lobe.

Answer 16

Inferior frontal gyrus

Question 17

Gyrus immediately anterior to the central sulcus.

Answer 17

Precentral gyrus

Question 18

Gyrus immediately posterior to the central sulcus.

Answer 18

Postcentral gyrus

Question 19

Most dorsal gyri in the temporal lobe.

Answer 19

Superior temporal gyrus

Question 20

Middle gyrus in the temporal lobe (residing between the superior and inferior temporal gyri).

Answer 20

Middle temporal gyrus

Question 21

Most ventral gyri in the temporal lobe.

Answer 21

Inferior temporal gyrus

Question 22

Brodmann areas 1, 2 and 3 are the

Answer 22

primary somatosensory cortex.

Question 23

Brodmann area 4 is the

Answer 23

primary motor cortex.

Question 24

what is broadmann areas?

Answer 24

regions of the brain based on the cytoarchitecture

Question 25

The ___________ is a white matter track that connects the two hemispheres.

Answer 25

corpus callosum

Question 26

Language is primarily controlled in the _____ hemisphere AND the _____ hemisphere controls the contralateral (left) motor movements.

Answer 26

Language is primarily controlled in the left hemisphere AND the right hemisphere controls the contralateral (left) motor movements.

Question 27

Frontal lobe: - Location: - Major areas: - Primary functions:   - Premotor cortex: - Motor cortex: - Areas of the motor cortex correspond geographically to the parts of the body they control, which is mapped out by the ______

Answer 27

- Location: anterior to the Central Sulcus - Major areas: Prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, primary motor cortex, frontal eye fields, Broca’s area. - Primary functions: motor function   - Premotor cortex: involved in planning movement - Motor cortex: executes movement. Areas of the motor cortex correspond geographically to the parts of the body they control, which is mapped out by the homunculus

Question 28

The Premotor cortex is located in the

Answer 28

frontal lobe, anterior to the primary motor area.

Question 29

This area is devoted to an elaboration of the business of the associated primary area and involves motor functions associated with high-level intellectual functions. 

Answer 29

premotor cortex (motor association cortex)

Question 30

where is Broca's area located?

Answer 30

left frontal lobe

Question 31

what is Broca's area?

Answer 31

controls muscles involved in speech

Question 32

what happens with Broca's aphasia?

Answer 32

speech is difficult

Question 33

what is the prefrontal cortex involved with? what does it do?

Answer 33

social judgment plays a role in inhibiting impulsive thoughts to tailor behavior to fit social norms

Question 34

corticospinal primary neurons are found in the

Answer 34

motor cortex

Question 35

what is the deal with Phineas gage?

Answer 35

injury to the left frontal lobe leading to a complete personality change

Question 36

Parietal lobe - Location: - Major areas: - Primary functions:

Answer 36

- Location: Posterior to the Central Sulcus - Major areas: Primary sensory cortex. - Primary functions: Sensory function

Question 37

is there a lot of plasticity in the cerebral cortex?

Answer 37

yassssss lollll touchscreen phones usage have shown to increase blood flow to the part of the cortex

Question 38

The ascending dorsal column and spinothalamic pathways project to the _________ via the thalamus.

Answer 38

primary sensory cortex

Question 39

lesions to the primary sensory cortex

Answer 39

results in loss of sensation in parts of the body corresponding to the injured area CONTRALATERAL!!!!!

Question 40

The second somatosensory area (S2) is located

Answer 40

posterior to the primary somatosensory area (S1).

Question 41

This area is devoted to an elaboration of the business of the associated primary area and involves sensory functions associated with high-level intellectual functions, such as spatial attention.

Answer 41

second somatosensory area (S2)

Question 42

Involved in visual and cognitive attention.

Answer 42

parietal lobe

Question 43

what happens if you have a unilateral lesion in the parietal lobe? what is a classical example of this type of lesion does not allow one to do?

Answer 43

results in contralateral neglect in which patients fail to pay attention to the contralateral side. - patient with a right side parietal lesion will not be able to draw the left hand side of the clock

Question 44

Occipital lobe: - Location: - Major areas: - Primary functions:

Answer 44

- Location: The most posterior region of the cortex. - Major areas: Primary visual cortex, association visual cortex. - Primary functions: Vision

Question 45

what is the function of of the primary visual cortex?

Answer 45

receives inputs from the retina via the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN).

Question 46

where is the primary visual cortex located?

Answer 46

along the calcarine sulcus in the occipital lobe

Question 47

Temporal lobe: - Location: - Major areas: - Primary functions:

Answer 47

- Location: Lateral to the Sylvian fissure. - Major areas: Primary auditory cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, Wernicke’s area - Primary functions: Auditory function, memory, emotion, language comprehension

Question 48

where is the primary auditory cortex located?

Answer 48

in the superior temporal gyrus

Question 49

is located in the transverse temporal gyri in the primary auditory cortex buried within the lateral sulcus (Brodmann areas 41 and 42).

Answer 49

Heschl’s gyrus

Question 50

located in the posterior third of the superior temporal gyrus, close to the auditory cortex.

Answer 50

wernicke's area

Question 51

what is the importance of Wernicke's area?

Answer 51

important for the comprehension of speech

Question 52

what happens in wernicke's aphasia?

Answer 52

able to speak but it makes no sense

Question 53

Activation of _________ during Auditory Hallucinations in Patients with Schizophrenia

Answer 53

Heschl’s Gyrus