The Digestive System

Question 1

The function of the digestive system:

Answer 1

Change complex molecules into simple molecules

Question 2

Extends from the mouth to the anus, consists of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine?

Answer 2

Alimentary Tube

Question 3

Function of teeth:

Answer 3

Is chewing (mastication)

Question 4

Function of tongue:

Answer 4

Is to mix food while chewing, form food into bolus and initiate swallowing

Question 5

Contains enzymes that begin the chemical breakdown of starchy food?

Answer 5

Salivary glands

Question 6

Extracts absorbed nutrients or toxins from the blood before it reaches the rest of the body?

Answer 6

Liver

Question 7

Many wast products are eliminated from the body by secretion into what?

Answer 7

Bile

Question 8

Gall Bladder

Answer 8

Stores and concentrates bile

Question 9

Necessary for maintaining normal blood concentrations of glucose:

Answer 9

Pancreas

Question 10

Mechanical digestion

Answer 10

Physical breaking up of food into smaller pieces

Question 11

Complex chemical molecules are changed into much simpler chemicals that the body can utilize:

Answer 11

Chemical digestion

Question 12

Begin to erupt through the gums at about 6 months and is the set of 20 teeth:

Answer 12

Deciduous

Question 13

Permanent teeth:

Answer 13

consists of 32 teeth, types of teeth (incisor, canines, molars and premolars)

Question 14

The gum line is called:

Answer 14

Gingiva

Question 15

The visible part of a tooth about the gingiva is called:

Answer 15

Crown

Question 16

What is enclosed in a socket in the mandible and maxillae:

Answer 16

Root

Question 17

Layers of the tooth:

Answer 17

Enamel- outermost layer of the enamel

Dentin

Pulp Cavity- contains blood vessels and nerve endings, innermost portion

Question 18

Contains enzymes that begin the chemical breakdown of starchy foods:

Answer 18

Saliva

Question 19

Dissolves food chemicals so that they can be tasted:

Answer 19

Saliva

Question 20

Moistens food and aids in its compaction into a bolus:

Answer 20

Saliva

Question 21

Cleanses the teeth:

Answer 21

Saliva

Question 22

Three pairs of salivary glands:

Answer 22

Parotid Glands- just below and in front of the ears

Submandibular Glands- at the posterior corners of the mandible (also called submaxillary glands)

Sublingual Glands- below the floor of the mouth

Question 23

Its only function is swallowing, the mechanical movement of food:

Answer 23

Pharynx

Question 24

Muscular tube that takes food from the pharynx to the stomcah; no digestion takes place here:

Answer 24

Esophagus

Question 25

Four layers of the alimentary canal:

Answer 25

1. Mucosa 2. Submucosa 3. External Muscular Layer 4. Serosa

Question 26

Its major functions are secretion, absorption of end products of digestion and protection against disease:

Answer 26

Mucosa

Question 27

Submucosa

Answer 27

Supply the surrounding tissue with many blood and lymphatic vessels

Question 28

Function is to propel and mix foodstuffs along the digestive tract:

Answer 28

External Muscle Layer

Question 29

Serosa

Answer 29

Protective outermost layer of most of the alimentary canal wall, is also called the visceral peritoneum

Question 30

Lining the abdominal cavity:

Answer 30

Parietal Peritoneum

Question 31

Large pouch that protects the abdomincal viscera is:

Answer 31

Greater Omentum

Question 32

Connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver:

Answer 32

Lesser Omentum

Question 33

Located in the ULQ, to the left of the liver and in front of the spleen:

Answer 33

The stomach

Question 34

The opening of the esophagus is:

Answer 34

The cardiac orifice

Question 35

The portion above the level of the cardiac orifice is:

Answer 35

Fundus

Question 36

Large cnetral portion, bounded laterally by the greater curvature and medially by the lesser curvature:

Answer 36

The body of the stomach

Question 37

Adjacent to the duodenum of the small intestine:

Answer 37

The pylorus

Question 38

When the stomach is empty, the mucosa appers wrinkled or folded, the folds are called:

Answer 38

Rugae

Question 39

Creamy, semifluid mass that leaves the stomach is:

Answer 39

Chyme

Question 40

Lines the socket and produces a bone-like cement that anchors the tooth:

Answer 40

Periodontal membrane