The Urinary System

Question 1

A wave of smooth muscle contractions that propels materials along the axis of a tube. Ex: digestive tract, ureters or the ductus deferens

Answer 1

Peristalsis

Question 2

Eliminates the dissolved organic waste products generated by cells throughout the body:

Answer 2

Function of the urinary system

Question 3

Regulates blood volume and blood pressure by releasing hormones into the bloodstream:

Answer 3

Function of the urinary system

Question 4

Helps to maintain plasma ion concentrations:

Answer 4

Function of the urinary system

Question 5

Located in the retroperitoneal space where urine is formed:

Answer 5

Kidneys

Question 6

Ureters:

Answer 6

Used for transporting the urine to the storage compartment, the bladder, via peristalsis.

Question 7

Passes through this to exit the body:

Answer 7

Urethra

Question 8

Components of the urinary system are:

Answer 8

1. Kidneys
2. Ureters
3. Urinary Bladder
4. Urethra

Question 9

Temporarily stores urine prior to elimination:

Answer 9

Urinary bladder

Question 10

The kidney is divided into:

Answer 10

The outer cortex and inner medulla

Question 11

Urine production occurs where:

Answer 11

Renal pyraminds

Question 12

The medulla contains 6 to 18:

Answer 12

Renal pyramids

Question 13

The tip of the renal pyramid is called:

Answer 13

The renal papillae

Question 14

Renal papilla discharge urine into a cup-shaped drain called:

Answer 14

Minor calyx

Question 15

4 or 5 minor calyces merge to form:

Answer 15

Major calyces

Question 16

Both minor and major calyces form a large, funnel-shaped chamber called:

Answer 16

The renal pelvis

Question 17

The renal pelvis is connected to the:

Answer 17

Ureter, through which urine drains out of the kidney

Question 18

Nephron:

Answer 18

Basic functional unit in the kidney

Question 19

Nephron consists of two main parts:

Answer 19

Renal corpuscle and Renal tubule

Question 20

A round structure that consists of a cup-shaped chamber that contains a capillary network or glomerulus:

Answer 20

Renal corpuscle

Question 21

Blood arrives the glomerulus and departs the glomerulus by way of what two things:

Answer 21

Afferent arteriole- arrives

Efferent arteriole- departs

Question 22

Blood pressure forces fluid and dissolved solutes out of the glomerular capillaries and into surrounding capsular space through what process:

Answer 22

Filtration

Question 23

Filtration produces a protein-free solution known as”

Answer 23

Filtrate

Question 24

Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) are major segments of:

Answer 24

The renal tubule

Question 25

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR):

Answer 25

Simply the amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys each minute

Question 26

What are the three metabolic waste products that the kidneys remove from the blood:

Answer 26

1. Urea- from the breakdown of amino acids
2. Creatinine- from the breakdown of creatine phosphate
3. Uric Acid- from the breakdown and recycling of RNA

Question 27

The DCT loops around and passes right between the afferent and efferent arterioles at a junction called:

Answer 27

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 28

The renal system contributes to pH regulation by a process known as:

Answer 28

Renal compensation

Question 29

Secrete or absorb hydrogen ions or bicarbonate ions in response to changes in the fltrate pH:

Answer 29

Kidney tubules

Question 30

Increases the water permeability at the DCT and collecting duct; stimulating reabsorption of water from the tubular fluid and causes the sensationof thirst:

Answer 30

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 31

Stimulates the reabsorption of sodium ions and the secretion of potassium ions at the DCT:

Answer 31

Aldosterone

Question 32

1. Decreasing the rate of sodium ion absorption at the DCT leading to increased urine loss
2. Dilating the glomerular capillaries which results in an increased GFR
3. Inhibitsing the release of ADH, aldosterone and renin

Answer 32

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)