the endocrine system - secondary endocrine glands/tissues

Question 1

examples of secondary endocrine glands/tissues

Answer 1

-placenta
-GI tract
-adipose tissue
-kidney
-thymus
-pineal

Question 2

hormones of the placenta

Answer 2

-human chorionic gonadotropin (hcG)
-oestrogen
-progesterone

Question 3

hormones of the GI tract

Answer 3

-gastrin
-secretin

Question 4

gastrin

Answer 4

-produced by cells of the pyloric region of the stomach
-stimulates production of gastric acid for digestion

Question 5

secretin

Answer 5

-produced by mucosal cells of the duodenum and jejunum
-stimulates pancreatic juice, bile and intestinal secretion
-which help emulsify fats

Question 6

hormones of the adipose tissue

Answer 6

-leptin

Question 7

leptin

Answer 7

-produced by adipocytes
-leptin causes appetite to decrease
-more fat = more leptin produced = less hungry we are
-obesity associated with leptin resistance

Question 8

hormones of the kidneys

Answer 8

-erythropoietin

Question 9

erythropoietin

Answer 9

-released into bloodstream when kidneys detect low partial pressure of O2
-acts on bone marrow stem cells to stimulate more RBCs (erythrocytes) to be manufactured

Question 10

hormones of the thymus

Answer 10

-thymosin

Question 11

thymosin

Answer 11

-required for generation of T cells by immune system

Question 12

hormones of the pineal gland

Answer 12

-melatonin

Question 13

melatonin

Answer 13

-conveys information about environmental light/dark cycle to various parts of body
-some effect on sleep/awake cycles and associated biological events (e.g. reduced production of gastric secretions at night)
-key role in timing reproduction in seasonally breeding species (e.g. sheep)