intro to physiology - function of electrolytes

Question 1

CO-FACTORS

Answer 1

Ca^2+, Mg^2+ and Zn^2+ act as co-factors for enzyme reactions
(e.g. Zn^2+ speeds up carbonic anhydrase action: H2O + CO2 <-> H2CO3)

Question 2

ACTION POTENTIALS

Answer 2

Na+ and K+ contribute to generating action potential

Question 3

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Answer 3

secretion of Ca^2+ triggers the exocytosis of neurotransmitter (Ach)

Question 4

MUSCLE CONTRACTION

Answer 4

Ca^2+ bind to site on actin filament to remove troponin and expose binding site for mysoin head to bind and form cross-bridges

Question 5

ACID-BASE BALANCE

Answer 5

HCO3^-, phosphate, protein

Question 6

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

Answer 6

both primary and secondary
-Na+/K+ ATPase
-glucose co-transport

Question 7

OSMOSIS

Answer 7

electrolytes and protein promote water movement between fluid compartments across semi-permeable membranes