The Eye Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the cornea?
Dome covering the front of the eye which bends/ refracts light as it enters the eye
What is the pupil?
The opening in the centre of the eye, expands/contracts to control light intensity
What is this iris?
Muscles that control the pupil
What is the ciliary body?
A muscle behind the iris that focuses the lens
What is the function of the lens and where is it?
Behind the pupil, focuses light onto the retina
What is the sclera?
Connective tissue that maintains the shape and protects the eye
(The white of the eye)
What is the retina and what is its function?
Light sensitive membrane, transforms light into electrical impulses
What is the choroid?
Thin layer of tissue filled with blood vessels which brings nutrients and oxygen to the outer layers of the retina
What is the fovea?
A depression in the retina where visual acuity is the highest
What is the optic disc?
The head of the optic where cell axons exit the eye to form the nerve
What is the optic nerve?
Nerve fibres that carry visual/electrical information and impulses form the retina to the brain
What are the medial/lateral rectus muscles? List each one too.
They are responsible for eye movement
Superior rectus
Superior oblique
Medial rectus
Inferior rectus
Inferior oblique
Lateral rectus
What direction does the superiors rectus pull the eye?
Upward
What direction does the superior oblique pull the eye?
Downward and outward
What direction does the medial rectus pull the eye?
Inward
What direction does the inferior rectus pull the eye?
Downward
What direction does the interior oblique pull the eye?
Upwards and downward
What direction does the lateral rectus pull the eye?
Outward
What are rod and cone cells?
Specialised cells in the retina that convert light into signals that the brain can use for vision
What are rod cells specifically, their function and what neurotransmitters they use
Highly sensitive to light but have low special resolution
Allow us to see in dim light but can’t perceive colour
Use a variety of neurotransmitters, including glutamate
What are cone cells specifically, their function and what neurotransmitters they use
Less sensitive to light but have high spatial resolution. There are 3 types which respond to different wavelengths of light.
Allow us to see colour
Use acetycholine
