The Heart Flashcards
(25 cards)
Name the 4 parts inside the heart
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Which side of the heart contains the heart oxygenated blood and which contains the deoxygenated blood?
Right- deoxygenated
Left- oxygenated
Name all 3 veins of the heart
Inferior vena cava
Superior Vena cava
Left pulmonary veins
Name the 2 arteries of the heart
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
Explain the flow of blood throughout the heart
Deoxygenated blood enters via the vena cava, flows through the right atrium and ventricle, enters the pulmonary artery to the lungs.
Blood is oxygenated in the lungs
Oxygenated blood enters via the pulmonary veins, enters the left atrium and ventricle and enters the aorta to the body
The body takes oxygen from the blood and begins again
What are the 2 parts of the heartbeat?
Lub and dub
What are the scientific terms for lub and dub
Diastole (lub)
Systole (dub)
What happens during a diastole?
The heart relaxes and fills with blood
What are the purposes of the valves within the heart
To prevent back flow
What happens during a systole?
The aortic and pulmonary valves close after the ventricles contract to pump blood
What controls the heartbeat?
Pacemaker cells
Explain how the heartbeat works
- A signal begins in the (sinotrial node) pacemaker cells
- The signal travels through the atria, pumping blood into the ventricles
3.the signal moves to the (atrioventricular) pacemaker cells
4.the signal slows to allow ventricles to fill - The av node fires a signal along the ventricle walls to make them contract to fill with blood
- The ventricles relax
- Starts again
Where are the sinotrial node pacemaker cells located?
Right atrium
Where are the atrioventricular node pacemaker cells located?
Between the atria and ventricles
What are the 3 blood vessels of the body?
Artery
Vein
Capillary
What are the characteristics of an artery?
Small lumen
Thick muscular walls and elastic fibres
Why do artery’s have thick muscular walls?
The blood flow is high pressure
What are the characteristic of a vein?
Large lumen
Valves to prevent back flow
Thin muscle and elastic fibres
Why do veins have thin muscular walls?
The blood flow is low pressure
What are the characteristic of a capillary?
Very small lumen
Thin potions walls
1 cell thick
Why do capillaries have thin porous walls?
to facilitate the exchange of substances between the blood and the surrounding tissues
Where to arteries take blood?
Away from the heart
Where do veins take blood?
Into the heart
