Tissue Classification

Question 1

what are the four basic tissue types of organs

Answer 1

muscle
epithelial
connective
nervous

Question 1

what are the 3 primary germ cell layers

Answer 1

endoderm
ectoderm
mesoderm

Question 2

the CNS and PNS arise from the differentiation of the ectoderm into what germ cell layer

Answer 2

neuroectoderm

Question 3

bone, cartilage, muscle, etc. arise from which primary germ cell layer

Answer 3

mesoderm

Question 4

tooth enamel, cornea, lens, etc. arise from what primary germ cell layer

Answer 4

ectoderm

Question 5

epithelium, gut lining, GI organs, etc. arise from what primary germ cell layer

Answer 5

endoderm

Question 6

the middle layer of skin, blood cells, etc. arise from what primary germ cell layer

Answer 6

mesoderm

Question 7

the epidermis, lining of mouth, anus, etc. arise from what primary germ cell layer

Answer 7

ectoderm

Question 8

what type of tissue lines the body cavity as well as forms glands and ducts

Answer 8

epithelial tissue

Question 9

what are the 3 most common shapes of epithelial cells

Answer 9

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

Question 10

what are the three surface modifications of epithelial tissue

Answer 10

microvilli
stereocilia
cilia

Question 11

what are the three types of connective tissue

Answer 11

embryonic
loose
dense

Question 12

what are the 6 types of specialized connective tissue

Answer 12

bone
blood
cartilage
adipose
hemopoietic
lymphatic

Question 13

which primary germ cell layer is embryonic connective tissue derived from

Answer 13

mesoderm

Question 14

what 3 factors that differentiate loose from dense connective tissue

Answer 14

arrangement of collagen fibers
number of cells
type/amount of ground substance

Question 15

what are the two types of dense connective tissue

Answer 15

irregular and regular

Question 16

what cells form the extracellular matrix

Answer 16

collagen

Question 17

what is the main function of the ECM

Answer 17

to provide structural support and biochemical support to surrounding cells

Question 18

what is a highly specialized cell that transmits electrical impulses

Answer 18

neuron

Question 19

which part of an axon carries impulses away from the cell body

Answer 19

axon

Question 20

which part of an axon receives impulses and carry impulses towards the cell body

Answer 20

dendrites

Question 21

what is the term for neuronal junction where impulses are transmitted from one cell to another

Answer 21

synapse

Question 22

where are the 5 places epithelium exists

Answer 22

exterior body surfaces
internal closed cavities
body tubes communication with exterior
secretory portion of glands and ducts
receptors for special senses

Question 23

what are 3 characteristics of epithelium

Answer 23

cells are close and connect through cell junctions
polarity
basement membrane

Question 24

what is the main difference between epithelioid and epithelial tissue

Answer 24

epithelial has a free edge

Question 25

what are the 2 specialized features that occur on the surface domain of epithelium

Answer 25

cilia keratinized or non-keratinized

Question 26

what 3 main places would you find pseudo stratified epithelium

Answer 26

trachea and bronchi ductus deferens efferent ductules of epididymis

Question 27

what four main places would you find transitional epithelium

Answer 27

renal calyces ureters bladder urethra

Question 28

what's another name for transitional epithelium

Answer 28

urothelium

Question 29

what is the specific term for the epithelium lining vessels and lymphatics

Answer 29

endothelium

Question 30

which epithelium lines the walls and covers the contents of the closed cavities of the body

Answer 30

mesothelium

Question 31

what are the 5 main functions of epithelial cells

Answer 31

secretion absorption transportation mechanical protection receptor function

Question 32

what terminology is used to describe the specialized microvilli identified by EM on kidney cells

Answer 32

brush border

Question 33

what terminology is used to describe the specialized microvilli identified by EM on intestinal cells

Answer 33

striated border

Question 34

what type of cilia is immotile

Answer 34

stereocilia

Question 35

what type of cilia act as chemosensors

Answer 35

primary cilia or monocilia

Question 36

which cilia have rotational movement

Answer 36

nodal cilia

Question 37

what are the 3 types of exocrine glands

Answer 37

merocrine apocrine holocrine

Question 38

which type of endocrine gland undergoes programmed cell death

Answer 38

holocrine

Question 39

which type of exocrine gland is involved in lactation

Answer 39

apocrine

Question 40

which type of exocrine gland uses exocytosis

Answer 40

merocrine (eccrine)

Question 41

what are the 2 main classifications of exocrine glands

Answer 41

unicellular and multicellular

Question 42

what are the 5 types of multicellular exocrine glands

Answer 42

simple compound tubular alveolar (acinar) tubuloalveolar

Question 43

what are the two types of exocrine gland secretions

Answer 43

mucinous and serous

Question 44

which exocrine gland secretes a combination of mucinous and serous secretions

Answer 44

submandibular

Question 45

which locations in the body have serous membranes

Answer 45

peritoneal, pericardial, and pleural cavities

Question 46

how many days does it take for epithelium of skin to renew

Answer 46

47 days

Question 47

how many days does it take for epithelium of small intestine to renew

Answer 47

4 to 6 days

Question 48

what does the lamina propria do

Answer 48

support CT

Question 49

what are the four cell types derived from the stem cells at the based on the intestinal glands

Answer 49

enterocytes goblet cells enteroendocrine cells paneth cells

Question 50

which cells in the small intestine absorb

Answer 50

enterocytes

Question 51

which cells in the small intestine regulate microbes

Answer 51

paneth

Question 52

which layer in stratified squamous epithelium undergoes mitosis

Answer 52

stratum basale

Question 53

what are the two main components of ECM

Answer 53

protein fibers and ground substance

Question 54

maturation and proliferation of mesenchyme gives rise to what 5 tissues

Answer 54

connective muscle vascular system urogenital system serous membranes

Question 55

what are the three main connective tissue fibers

Answer 55

collagen reticular elastic

Question 56

what type of collagen fiber is found in reticular fibers

Answer 56

type 3 collagen

Question 57

where is type 1 collagen found

Answer 57

bone, skin, dentin, cornea, etc.

Question 58

where is type 2 collagen found

Answer 58

cartilage

Question 59

where is type 3 collagen found

Answer 59

skin, ligaments, vessels, etc.

Question 60

where is type 4 collagen found

Answer 60

basement membrane in different tissues

Question 61

where is type 5 collagen found

Answer 61

blood vessel wall, synovium, lung, bone, etc.

Question 62

what are the five type of stable or resident cells of CT

Answer 62

fibroblasts macrophages adipocytes mast cells adult stem cells

Question 63

what is the principal cell of CT

Answer 63

fibroblasts

Question 64

what are the 6 types of transient cells in CT

Answer 64

lymphocytes plasma cells neutrophils eosinophils basophils monocytes

Question 65

what is this

Answer 65

mucin

Question 66

what is this

Answer 66

serous

Question 67

what is this

Answer 67

mix of mucin and serous