Tissues

Question 1

What are the points of contact between cells called?

Answer 1

Cell junctions

These junctions help hold cells together in tissues.

Question 2

What is histology?

Answer 2

Study of tissues.

Question 3

What are the four tissue types?

Answer 3

• Epithelial
• Connective
• Muscular
• Nervous

Question 4

What is the function of wandering macrophages?

Answer 4

Act as scavenger cells and defend against infection.

Question 5

What do plasma cells produce?

Answer 5

Antibodies.

Question 6

What is the main function of desmosomes?

Answer 6

Help prevent separation under tension.

Question 7

What type of junctions are tight junctions?

Answer 7

Water-tight junctions that act as barriers.

Question 8

What is the most common cell type in connective tissue?

Answer 8

Fibroblast.

Question 9

What are the three types of connective tissue fibers?

Answer 9

• Collagenous fibers
• Elastic fibers
• Reticular fibers

Question 10

What is the function of elastic fibers?

Answer 10

Add flexibility to connective tissues.

Question 11

What are hemidesmosomes used for?

Answer 11

Attachment to basement membranes, not between cells.

Question 12

What do mast cells release?

Answer 12

• Heparin (anticoagulant)
• Histamine (promotes inflammation)

Question 13

What type of connective tissue is adipose tissue?

Answer 13

Loose connective tissue designed to store fat.

Question 14

What is areolar connective tissue primarily composed of?

Answer 14

Fibroblasts separated by a gel-like ground substance.

Question 15

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 15

Good for diffusion; functions in gas exchange.

Question 16

What characterizes pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 16

Cells appear layered due to varying positions of nuclei.

Question 17

What is the role of microvilli in epithelial cells?

Answer 17

Increase surface area available for absorption.

Question 18

What are the two basic elements of connective tissue?

Answer 18

• Cells
• Extracellular matrix

Question 19

What is the main role of connective tissue?

Answer 19

Provide strength and support to tissues.

Question 20

What types of glands secrete into ducts?

Answer 20

Exocrine glands.

Question 21

What type of muscle tissue is skeletal muscle?

Answer 21

Voluntary muscle.

Question 22

What is unique about cardiac muscle tissue?

Answer 22

It consists of branching fibers connected by intercalated discs.

Question 23

What is the function of smooth muscle tissue?

Answer 23

Involuntary muscle found in walls of internal organs.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The two layers of the basement membrane are the basal lamina and the _______.

Answer 24

Reticular lamina.

Question 25

What type of epithelium consists of two to three layers of cuboidal cells?

Answer 25

Stratified cuboidal epithelium.

Question 26

What is the term for immature connective tissue cells?

Answer 26

Blast cells.

Question 27

True or False: Epithelial tissue is avascular but has a nerve supply.

Answer 27

True.

Question 28

What are the three types of functional classifications of glandular epithelium?

Answer 28

* Merocrine * Apocrine * Holocrine

Question 29

What type of muscle tissue is found only in the heart?

Answer 29

Cardiac muscle tissue

Question 30

What connects cardiac muscle fibers to each other?

Answer 30

Intercalated discs

Question 31

How many nuclei does each cardiac muscle cell have?

Answer 31

One

Question 32

What is a gland?

Answer 32

A single cell or a mass of epithelial cells adapted for secretion

Question 33

What are the two types of glands based on cell number?

Answer 33

* Unicellular * Multicellular

Question 34

What are the two types of glandular structures based on branching?

Answer 34

* Simple * Compound

Question 35

What are the two shapes of glandular structures?

Answer 35

* Tubular * Acinar

Question 36

What is fibrosis?

Answer 36

The formation of scar tissue

Question 37

What are the components of nervous tissue?

Answer 37

* Neurons * Neuroglia

Question 38

Where is nervous tissue found?

Answer 38

* Brain * Spinal cord * Nerves

Question 39

What is the primary function of blood?

Answer 39

To transport substances throughout the body

Question 40

What are the two main components of blood?

Answer 40

* Cells (red and white) * Blood plasma

Question 41

What is cartilage?

Answer 41

Rigid connective tissue that provides a supportive framework

Question 42

What type of cartilage is the most common?

Answer 42

Hyaline cartilage

Question 43

What cells are found within lacunae in cartilage?

Answer 43

Chondrocytes

Question 44

What is the perichondrium?

Answer 44

Connective tissue enclosing cartilaginous structures

Question 45

What is the primary function of dense irregular connective tissue?

Answer 45

Provides tensile strength in many directions

Question 46

What is transitional epithelium designed for?

Answer 46

To distend and return to its normal size

Question 47

What are the primary locations of dense regular connective tissue?

Answer 47

* Tendons * Ligaments

Question 48

What type of epithelium consists of several layers of cells?

Answer 48

Stratified columnar epithelium

Question 49

What is keratinization?

Answer 49

The process where outer layers of skin cells undergo hardening

Question 50

What are the main components of bone?

Answer 50

* Osteocytes * Mineral salts * Collagen

Question 51

What is interstitial growth in cartilage?

Answer 51

Chondrocytes divide within existing cartilage and produce extra extracellular matrix

Question 52

What type of cartilage provides a shock-absorbing function?

Answer 52

Fibrocartilage

Question 53

What does elastic cartilage provide a framework for?

Answer 53

External ears and parts of the larynx

Question 54

What is the primary function of connective tissue?

Answer 54

To support, bind, and protect other tissues