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Occlusion Lecture > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

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1
Q

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?: joint where the ____ articulates with the base of the ____

A

mandible articulates with the base of the cranium

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2
Q

What do the condyles of the mandible fit into?

A

TMJ….articular fossa of temporal bone

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3
Q

What fossa on the squamous part of the temporal bone are related to the TMJ? (3)

A

mandibular fossa
glenoid fossa
articular fossa

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4
Q

When the retroarticular tissues are ______ they cause pain

A

compressed

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5
Q

What separates the condyle of mandible and squamous part of the temporal bone in the TMJ?

A

articular disc

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6
Q

What is the mediolateral length of the condyle of mandible compared to the anteroposterior width?

A

ML is twice as long

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7
Q

The ____ divides the TMJ joint into two cavities

A

articular disc

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8
Q

What is a compound joint?

A
  • more than three bones
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9
Q

What are the three parts of the TMJ compound joint?

A

condyle
squamous part of temporal bone
articular disc

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10
Q

What is a complex joint?

A

allows for more than one type of movement

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11
Q

What is a synovial joint?

A

contains synovial fluid

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12
Q

What is a ginglymoarthrodial joint?

A

hinging movement (ginglymoid)
and
gliding movement (arthrodial)

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13
Q

What type of movement does the arthrodial joint allow for?

A

translation movement only
- gliding

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14
Q

What type of movement does the gingylmus joint allow for?

A

rotational movement only
- hinging

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15
Q

What type of movement does the gingylmoarthrodial joint allow for?

A

rotational and translational

–hinging movement (ginglymoid) and gliding movement (arthrodial)

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16
Q

What is the articular disc made of?

A

dense fibrous connective tissue

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17
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ?

A
  • compound joint (3 bones)
  • complex joint (2 movements)
  • gingylmoarthrodial joint
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18
Q

What is the shape of the articular disc?

On the inferior part?
On the superior part?

A

inferior part - concave (bc condyle is here)
superior part - concavo-convex

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19
Q

What are the characteristics of the articular disc?

A

non-innervated
avascular
somewhat flexible
dense fibrous connective tissue

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20
Q

What are the three sagittal sections of the articular disc?

A

anterior zone
middle/intermediate zone (thinnest)
posterior (thickest)

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21
Q

Where does the capsular ligament attach to the articular disc of the TMJ?

A

Anterior, posteriorly, medially and laterally

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22
Q

What is the order of the sagittal sections of the articular disc from thickest to thinnest?

A

posterior > anterior > middle

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23
Q

Articular surface of the condyle functions on the _____________ zone of the disc

A

intermediate

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24
Q

What are the frontal sections of the articular disc?

A

medial and lateral

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25
Is the articular disc thicker medially or laterally?
medially>laterally
26
What attaches the articular disc to the medial and lateral poles of the condyle?
*discal/collateral* ligaments
27
What are the histological zones of the articular surfaces in the TMJ? (4)
- articular zone - proliferative zone - fibrocartilaginous zone - calcified zone
28
- resistance to lateral and compressive forces describes the characteristics of what histological articular surface?
fibrocartilaginous zone of the articular disc - 3D network of collagen
29
- chondrocytes - chondroblasts - active site for bone remodeling describes the characteristics of what histological articular surface?
calcified zone of the articular disc
30
- undifferentiated mesenchymal cells characteristics of what articular surfaces?
Proliferative zone of articular disc - responsible for proliferation of articular cartilage in response to loads
31
What are the areas of a synovial joint that aren't involved in articulation covered in?
specialized endothelial cells that form the synovial lining
32
What does synovial fluid provide?
metabolic requirements and lubrication (produced by the synovial joint)
33
what cells produce synovial fluid?
specialized endothelial cells
34
- most superficial layer - less susceptible to aging - better ability to repair - dense fibrous connective tissue describes what layer of articular surfaces?
Articular Zone
35
articular surfaces absorb some of the fluid, increased absorption during function, metabolic exchange
What is weeping lubrication of synovial fluid?
36
movement of fluid from one area of the joint cavity to another; prevents friction
What is boundary lubrication of synovial fluid?
37
What nerve innervates the TMJ? What are the two branches?
mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve (auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves)
38
What artery supplies the TMJ?
superficial temporal artery (branch of the external carotid artery)
39
What are the posterior attachments of the articular disc?
superior retrodiscal lamina inferior retrodiscal lamina
40
- attaches disc to the tympanic plate - connective tissue - elastic fibers - stretches as joint is moved forward
superior retrodiscal lamina
41
- collagenous attachment (not elastic) - attaches posterior of the disc to the posterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle
inferior retrodiscal lamina
42
What are the anterior attachments of the articular disc?
- superior head of the lateral pterygoid (tendinous) - superior anterior attachment - inferior anterior attachment
43
What are the characteristics of the superior anterior attachment? What are the characteristics of the inferior anterior attachment?
- to the capsular ligament - to the anterior margin of the articular surface of the temporal bone
44
- attaches disc to the tympanic plate
superior retrodiscal lamina
45
What is the superior joint cavity bordered by?
glenoid fossa superior aspect of the disc
46
What is the inferior joint cavity bordered by?
inferior aspect of the disc superior aspect of the condyle
47
Which joint compartment of the TMJ does rotation occur in?
inferior joint compartment
48
Which joint compartment of the TMJ does translation occur in?
superior joint compartment
49
What are the functional ligaments of the TMJ?
– Collateral/Discal ligaments – Capsular ligament – Temporomandibular ligament
50
What are the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?
– Sphenomandibular ligament – Stylomandibular ligament
51
- to the capsular ligament - to the anterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle
capsular ligament
52
- thickening of the capsular ligament of the lateral aspect - from articular tubercle and zygomatic process to the lateral pole and neck of the condyle and disc
temporomandibular ligament
53
What are the two parts of the temporomandibular ligament?
outer oblique inner horizontal
54
- prevents over rotation of the mandible - causes translation* of the mandible after 20-25 mm opening
outer oblique part of the temporomandibular ligament
55
- attaches posterior of the disc to the posterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle
inferior retrodiscal lamina
56
What is ? - limits posterior movement onto the highly innervated retrodiscal tissue (PAIN) - prevent excessive overextension of the lateral pterygoid muscle
inner horizontal part of the temporomandibular ligament
57
- arises from the spine of the spheniod bone - inserts onto the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible (lingula) - no known function in limiting mandibular movement
sphenomandibular ligament
58
- arises from styloid process - inserts into the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible - limits excessive protrusive movement of the mandible
stylomandibular ligament
59
- prevent excessive overextension of the lateral pterygoid muscle
inner horizontal part of Temporomandibular ligament
60
Function of sphenomandibular ligament:
No known function in limited mandibular movement
61
What is the origin and insertion of the sphenomandibular ligament?
O: spine of sphenoid bone I: mandibular lingula (medial surface of the ramus of the mandible)
62
What is the origin and insertion of the stylomandibular ligament?
O: styloid process I: post border of the ramus of the mandible / angle of mandible
63
How long is the mediolateral length of the condyle of mandible?
15-20 mm
64
How long is the anteroposterior width of the condyle of mandible?
8-10 mm
65
the most anterior-superior position of the condyle in the articulating fossae
Centric Relation
66
* Ligament that surrounds the joint like a curtain * Attached to the base of the skull and the condyle * Attached at the periphery of the articular parts * Also attached to the disc medially and laterally * Retains synovial fluid
capsular ligament

Occlusion Lecture (20 decks)

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