Topic 6 -9 Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is an endemic disease?
A disease that is always present in the population.
Examples include malaria in certain countries.
What are the social implications of controlling endemic malaria?
- People may need to change their customs
- Vaccines need to become acceptable
- Social changes to reduce infection are very difficult to bring about.
What are the ethical implications of control methods for malaria?
- Reservations about safety of vaccinations
- Informed consent can be difficult where understanding of medical trials is poor
- Spraying mosquitoes with insecticides will affect other organisms
- Money could be spent on education or preventing famine instead of vaccine development.
What are the economic implications of controlling endemic diseases?
- Difficult to remove all sources of infection
- Treatment, control, and prevention of endemic disease is very expensive
- Large numbers of people are involved
- Many affected countries are very poor
- Malnutrition may be a greater threat than malaria in some areas.
Name effective control measures aimed at avoiding infection from malaria.
- Insect repellents
- Mosquito nets with insecticides
- Screens on doors and windows
- Clothing to cover skin.
What methods are used to control mosquito numbers?
- Avoid standing water and sewage
- Biological control by introducing predators
- Widespread use of pesticides
- Water treatment to kill larvae.
How can accurate diagnosis aid in malaria treatment?
It avoids inappropriate use of expensive drugs.
This helps in reducing overall healthcare costs and improving treatment outcomes.
True or False: Insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets can reduce malaria cases by up to 50%.
True
What role does the WHO play in malaria control?
The WHO produces guidelines based on scientific evidence.
These guidelines help inform best practices for malaria prevention and treatment.
Fill in the blank: The scientific community recommends using drugs such as quinine in combination with _______ for effective malaria treatment.
[artemisinin]
What challenges are faced in controlling endemic diseases like malaria?
- The disease is often widespread
- Difficult to remove all sources of infection
- Large numbers of people involved
- Treatment is very expensive.
