TOS A - Organizational Theory and Development (LEVY) Flashcards
This is a set of propositions that explains or predicts how groups and individuals behave in varying organizational structures and circumstances.
Organizational Theory
What is the first type of Organizational theory?
Classical Organizational Theory
4 Basic Tenets of Classical Organizational theory
- Organizations exist for economic reasons and to accomplish productivity goals.
- Scientific analysis will identify the one best way to organize for production.
- Specialization and the division of labor maximize production.
- Both people and organizations act in accordance with rational economic principles.
An approach whereby each job in a bureaucratic organization is a specialized position with its own set of responsibilities and duties.
Division of labor
An approach whereby supervisors assign particular tasks to separate employees and hold them responsible for completing these tasks.
Delegation of Authority
Managers who, instead of delegating individual tasks to employees, try to take charge of all tasks.
Micro-managers
The number of subordinates who report to a given supervisor.
Span of control
This theory value the relationship between supervisor and subordinate has been especially important
Humanistic Theory
It was thought, employees would be passive and unresponsive to the organization’s needs.
Theory X
It emphasizes management’s responsibility for nurturing those qualities and providing employees with opportunities to develop their inherently positive characteristics in the workplace
Theory Y
This organizations develop and change over time as a result of both internal and external forces.
Open-system theory
It emphasizes management’s responsibility for nurturing those qualities and providing employees with opportunities to develop their inherently positive characteristics in the workplace (McGregor,
Negative Entropy
This provides information about where and how the organization is getting off-course.
Negative feedback loop
The notion that as system can reach the same end state in different ways.
Equifinality
A planned, organization-wide effort to increase organizational effectiveness through behavioral science knowledge and technology.
Organizational Development (OD)
The individual who initiates the change process in an organization; also called the interventionist.
Change agent (Interventionist)
The recipient of an organizational change effort in an organization.
Client
The program or initiative that is suggested or implemented by the change agent in an organizational change effort.
Intervention
He is the pioneer of I/O psychology because of his interest in organizational change.
Lewins’s Change Model
The process whereby employees exert effort to interpret and understand work related events.
Sensemaking
The results of this action, in turn, provide information that can be used to guide further action—and the cyclical process continues.
Action Research Model
Organizational development Interventions
(1) fit the needs of the organization,
(2) are based on causal knowledge of intended outcomes, and
(3) transfer change management competence to organization members
A technique used by organizations to develop teams or to enhance the effectiveness of existing teams.
Team building
An initiative that focuses on employee involvement in the control of quality in organizations; also called continuous improvement or quality management.
Total Quality Management (TQM)/ continuous improvement or quality management
