Toxidromes

Question 1

How to treat hypoglycemia, which GPCRs receptor is activated

Answer 1

Glucose or Glucagon, Gs&raquo_space; cAMP

Question 2

What’s the toxidrome? RR-4, bilateral miosis + Abnormal atriel blood gases

Answer 2

Opiods intoxication

Question 3

whats the antidote for opiods overdose

Answer 3

Neloxone

Question 4

Why opiods overdose casue Respiratory acidosis

Answer 4

Bradypnea&raquo_space; CO2 accumulation

Question 5

Whats the treatment for Wernicke Enchaplopathy

Answer 5

Thiamine (B1) after given Glucose

Question 6

Whats the Toxidrime? Pt with multiple episodes of pancreatitis, nystagmus, troublewalking

Answer 6

Wernicke Encephalopathy

Question 7

Whats the diagnosis? Pt with nitroprusside drip + metabolic acidosis?

Answer 7

Cyanide proisnig

Question 8

Whats the best step in menegment of cyanide poisoning?

Answer 8

Hydroxocobalaimn and Soudium + Thiosulfate

Question 9

Pt consumes Anti-freeze and is now complaining of flank pain, What is the toxidrome?

Answer 9

Oxalate nephrolithiasis secondary to ethyl glycol poisionning

Question 10

How to treat benzodiazepine overdoze

Answer 10

Flumazenil

Question 11

In which age groups BZ will not begiven with delirum?

Answer 11

Elderly

Question 12

High Tm , dilated pupils, dry skin and suprapubcic fullnes + smoked a lot of weed, whats the toxidrome?

Answer 12

Anticholinergic toxcitiy

Question 13

how to initally treat Anticholinergic toxicity?

Answer 13

Physostigmine

Question 14

Pt with diarrhea, miosis, sweating, lacrimation, bronchospasm, whats the toxidrome?

Answer 14

Cholinergic toxidrome

Question 15

What the first step in menegment of Anticholinergic Toxicity?

Answer 15

Atropine (1st), Pralidoxime (2nd)

Question 16

Which receptor mediate Bronchospasm

Answer 16

M3 (Ach&raquo_space; M3&raquo_space; bronchoconstriction) Atropine causes Bronchodilation

Question 17

whats the toxidrome? DM with Gastropheresis + muscle rigidity and fever

Answer 17

Metoclopramide

Question 18

How to treat metoclopramide toxidrome?

Answer 18

1. BNZ + Dopamine agonists (Cabergoline , Bromocroptine)

Question 19

Which medication are given in NMS

Answer 19

1. BZD
2. Dopamine agonists- Bromocroptine (reverse dopamine blockage)
3. Dantrolene sodium- muscle relaxant

Question 20

Whats the toxidrome?
SSRI switches to MAOI + fever, myoclonus and diarrhea

Answer 20

Seratonin syn. secondary to indaquate washout-time.

Question 21

how to menege Seratonin syn.?

Answer 21

BZD + Cyproheptadine

Question 22

Whats the toxidrome? Pt started psy drug , with headace + vision changes and BP 240/120

Answer 22

Hypertensive Crisis&raquo_space; Thyamine consumption on MAOI

Question 23

How to treat Hypertensive crsis secondary to Maoi Thyamine toxicity?

Answer 23

Phentolamine (alpha- adernergic blocker)

Question 24

Pt with diabetic gastroparesis + Upper extrimity rigidity.
whats the toxidrome?

Answer 24

Acute dystonia

Question 25

what are the 4 extrapyramidal symtoptoms using Ap drugs?

Answer 25

# Acute dystonia- 1-5 days # Parkinsonism- 1-4 wks # Akathesia- 5-60 days # Tradive Dyskinesia- Month-yrs

Question 26

how to manage Acute dystonia?

Answer 26

Bzd or Diphenhydramine

Question 27

Pt started AP and feels restless, whats the symptom name? and how to manage?

Answer 27

Akathesia, Beta-blocker

Question 28

Pt on typical-AP and perform repetitive movments of the tounges and face, whats the symptom name? and how to manage?

Answer 28

Tradive dyskinesia. menegment: stop and swith to a-typical AP

Question 29

Pt with HT, tachy, Myadriasis. Whats the toxidrome? how to manage?

Answer 29

Sympathomimetics managment: Alpha-1 blocker: Phentolamine (also for HT crisis), or alpha-beta blocker (Carvedilol)

Question 30

Pt found unresponsive at home during winterm severe lactic acidosis. Whats the toxidrome? how to manage?

Answer 30

CO poisnening. Managment: Hyperbaric Oxygen

Question 31

pt planning to visit developing country and taking malaria prophylaxis. now hypoxic and cyanosis. whats the toxidrome? how to manage?

Answer 31

Metahemoglobinemia managment: Methylene blue

Question 32

Pt Hx of Mitral Stenosisand Afib present with Bloody bowl movment. Whats the toxidrome (Which medication cause is)? How to manage?

Answer 32

Warfarin Toxicity. Manage: Pro-thrombin complex concentrate (PCC)

Question 33

Pt with mental disorders present with elevetaed liver functions + high creatinine. Whats the poisning? how to manange?

Answer 33

Acetaminophen poisning managment: N-acetylcystiene (Repleninshig glutathione in liver)

Question 34

Pt triad to overdose _________ present with high respiratory rate and abnormal blood results. how to manage?

Answer 34

Aspirin toxicity- manage: Sodium bicarbonate or dialysis of severe

Question 35

Preeclampsia + treated + hyporeflxia and slow respiratory rate. Whats the toxidrome? how to manage?

Answer 35

Mg toxicity. management: Calcium Gluconate (ייצוב הממברנה- היפרמגנזמיה / היפרקלמיה)

Question 36

CHF exacerbation >> put on loop diuretics >> lots of Ventricular arrhyt. whats the toxidrome?

Answer 36

Digoxin toxicity. manage: Anti-digoxin Fab Fragments *The combined use of digoxin and diuretics should be avoided if possible. Interaction between digoxin and diuretics is one of the most common drug–drug interactions (DDI) *

Question 37

Pt partying and took drug. now present with Hyperkalemia , Hypocalcemia and rising creatining. Whats the drug

Answer 37

MDMA (Ecstasy) + Rhabdomyalysis. Can treat with dantrolene

Question 38

Pt going surgery becoming rigid and febrile. whats the toxidrome? how to manage?

Answer 38

Malignent hypertension. Treatment: Dantrolene *someone receives general anesthesia with one or more of the following drugs: halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane or succinylcholine*

Question 39

Pt been on a ventilator (מכונת הנשמה) for a while and develop pancreatitis. whats the toxidrome?

Answer 39

Propofol

Question 40

Pt with parkinson present with myoclonus and hyperthermia, whats the toxidrome?

Answer 40

MAO-B inhibitors

Question 41

Pt with cancer drug starts having blood clots in urine. what happend and due to which drug?

Answer 41

Hemorrhagic cystitis secondary to cyclophospamide

Question 42

Pt with cancer drug starts having hearing diffuclties + rising creatinine. due to which drug?

Answer 42

Cisplatine