Toxins

Question 1

Acteminophen signs

Answer 1

Nausea

Hepatic insufficiency

Question 2

Acetaminophen Treatment

Answer 2

N-acetylcysteine

Question 3

Acid/alkali ingestion treatment

Answer 3

Copious irrigation
Activated charcoal
Upper endoscopy to evaluate for stricture

Question 4

Antimuscarinic/anticolinergic signs

Answer 4

Dry mouth, urinary retention, QRS widening on EKG

Question 5

Antimuscarinic/anticholinergic treatment

Answer 5

Physostigmine (anti-cholinesterase inhibitor)

Question 6

Acid/alkali ingestion signs

Answer 6

severe oropharyngeal & gastric irritation or burns, drooling, odynopagia, abd pain, gastric perforation sx

Question 7

Mercury signs

Answer 7

renal insufficiency
tremor
mental status changes

Question 8

Arsenic, mercury, gold treatment

Answer 8

Succimer

Dimercaprol

Question 9

Beta blocker signs

Answer 9

Bradycardia
HOTN
Hypoglycemia
Pulmonary edema

Question 10

Beta Blocker treatment

Answer 10

Glucagon
Fluids
Atropine
Calcium
Insulin
Detrose

Question 11

Barbiturates (phenobarbital) Treatment

Answer 11

Urine alkalinization
Dialysis
Activated charcoal
Supportive care

Question 12

Benzodiazepine signs

Answer 12

Sedation

Resp depression

Question 13

Benzo tx

Answer 13

Flumazenil

Question 14

Black widow bite

Answer 14

Calcium gluconate
Methocarbamol
Antivenom

Question 15

Carbon monoxide signs

Answer 15

cherry red skin
hypoxemia
confusion
headache

Question 16

Carbon monoxide tx

Answer 16

100% O2

Hyperbaric O2

Question 17

Copper tx

Answer 17

Penicillamine

Question 18

Cyanide signs

Answer 18

headache
N/V
AMS

Question 19

Cyanide tx

Answer 19

Hydroxycobalamin
Amyl nitrate
Sodium nitrate
Sodium thiosulfate

Question 20

Cocaine signs

Answer 20

tachycardia
agitation
mydriasis
HTN
MI
Hemorrhagic stroke

Question 21

Cocaine tx

Answer 21

supportive care
benzos
alpha blockers

Question 22

Calcium channel blocker signs

Answer 22

bradycardia

HOTN

Question 23

Calcium channel blocker tx

Answer 23

Glucagon
Calcium
Insulin
Dextrose

Question 24

Digoxin signs

Answer 24

N/V
visual changes
Arrhythmia

Question 25

Digoxin tx

Answer 25

Anti-digitals Fab (Digoxin Ab's) | Normalize K+ but avoid giving Ca2+, M2+ or lidocaine for torsades

Question 26

Heparin signs

Answer 26

excessive bleeding | easy brusing

Question 27

Heparin tx

Answer 27

Protamine sulfate

Question 28

Isoniazid (INH) signs

Answer 28

Neuropathy | Hepatotoxicity

Question 29

Isoniazid (INH) tx

Answer 29

Pyridoxine (vit B6)

Question 30

Isopropyl alcohol signs

Answer 30

decreased consciousness nausea abd pain

Question 31

Isopropyl alcohol tx

Answer 31

supportive care

Question 32

Iron signs

Answer 32

``` Nausea Constipation Hepatotoxicity Hematemsis HOTN Anion-gap meta acidosis Radio-opaque on xray ```

Question 33

Iron tx

Answer 33

Deferoxamine

Question 34

Lead signs

Answer 34

peripheral neuropathy | anemia

Question 35

Lead tx

Answer 35

Succimer CaEDTA Dimercaprol

Question 36

Methanol signs

Answer 36

HA visual changes dizziness

Question 37

Methanol tx

Answer 37

Ethanol Fomepizole dialysis

Question 38

Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) signs

Answer 38

Ataxia hallucination Seizures sweet breath

Question 39

Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) tx

Answer 39

Ethanol diaylsis Calcium gluconate

Question 40

Methemoglobin tx

Answer 40

methylene blue

Question 41

Opioid signs

Answer 41

Pinpoint pupils | resp depression

Question 42

Opioid tx

Answer 42

Naloxone | Naltrexone

Question 43

Salicylate signs

Answer 43

N/V Tinnitus hyperventilation anion gap meta acidosis

Question 44

Salicylate tx

Answer 44

Urine alkalization Dialysis Activated charcoal Sodium bicarb

Question 45

Tricylic antidepressant signs

Answer 45

tachycardia dry mouth urinary retention ORS widening on EKG

Question 46

TCA tx

Answer 46

Sodium bicarb for QRS prolongation Diazepam or lorazepam for seizures Cardiac monitoring

Question 47

Sulfonylurea signs

Answer 47

hypoglycemia

Question 48

Sulfonylurea tx

Answer 48

Octreotide | Dextrose

Question 49

Theophylline tx

Answer 49

Activated charcoal

Question 50

tPA, streptokinase tx

Answer 50

aminocaproic acid

Question 51

Warfarin signs

Answer 51

excessive bleeding | easy brusigin

Question 52

Warfarin tx

Answer 52

Vitamin K | FFP

Question 53

Organophosphate signs

Answer 53

``` Diarrhea Urination Miosis Bronchospasm Bradycardia Emesis Excitation of skeletal muscle Lacrimation Sweating Salivation Abd cramping ```

Question 54

Organophosphate tx

Answer 54

Atropine Pralidoxime (reactivates cholinesterase) Supportive care