Types Of LTM

Question 1

What are the two types of LTM?

Answer 1

• Declarative - consciously recalled
• Non-declarative - unconsciously recalled

Question 2

Two types of Declarative LTM?

Answer 2

Semantic
Episodic

Question 3

What is sematic LTM

Answer 3

Facts, meanings, concepts and knowledge of the world (e.g. bike has two wheels)

Question 4

What is episodic LTM?

Answer 4

Memory of experiences and specific events (e.g. last time I rode I….)

Question 5

What is the one type of Non-declarative LTM

Answer 5

Procedural

Question 6

What is Procedural LTM

Answer 6

Unconscious memory of skills (muscle memory) (e.g. how to ride a bike)

Question 7

What LTMs are time stamped?

Answer 7

Episodic - time stamped (store with reference to time/place)
Semantic - not time stamped (may not recall when learnt)
Procedural - not time stamped (often learnt in childhood)

Question 8

What LTMs are recalled consciously/unconsciously

Answer 8

Semantic and episodic consciously recalled and procedural unconsciously recalled

Question 9

What LTMs are autobiographical?

Answer 9

Semantic - no
Episodic - yes (I am part of my episodic memories)
Procedural - no

Question 10

Strength - Point

Answer 10

Biological evidence that semantic and episodic memories are distinct processes using different brain regions

Question 11

Strength - Evidence

Answer 11

Vargha-Khadem (1997) - 3 young patients damage to hippocampus, found all three had episodic amnesia but could still learn and recall semantic info

Question 12

Limitation - Point

Answer 12

Similarities between types suggests they may not be truly distinct

Question 13

Limitation - evidence

Answer 13

Episodic and semantic memories both Declarative and episodic becomes semantic over time and the production of automatic language involves a link between semantic and procedural