Types of transport

Question 1

What can go into the cell?

Answer 1

-Amino acids
-Hormones
-Glucose
-O2 (in animals)
-CO2 (in plants)
-Water
-Fatty acids
-Glycerol

Question 2

What can go out of the cell?

Answer 2

-CO2 (in animals)
-Hormones
-Enzymes
-Glucose
-O2 (in plants)
-Mucus
-Water
-Toxic waste (urea)

Question 3

What is a passive processes?

Answer 3

These require energy from ATP and rely on the molecules kinetic energy for movement

Question 4

What is diffusion?

Answer 4

The net movement of particles going from a high concentration to a low concentration going down the concentration gradient.

Question 5

What is net movement?

Answer 5

The overall movement of the particles

Question 6

What does equilibrium mean?

Answer 6

Particles are evenly dispersed, there is no concentration gradient

Question 7

What is simple diffusion?

Answer 7

When molecules which can freely cross the phospholipid bilayer such as non-polar simple molecules which diffuses from one side to the other

Question 8

What particles use simple diffusion?

Answer 8

Small, non-polar molecules and steroid hormones. Small polar molecules like water and urea diffuse across slower.

Question 9

How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 9

If the temperature they will move faster across the membrane because the particles will gain kinetic energy and will move more

Question 10

How does surface area affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 10

If the surface area is larger then there will be more places for the particles to diffuse through, increasing the diffusion rate

Question 11

How does diffusion distance affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 11

If the wall/barrier is thicker the diffusion rate will decrease because the particles need to go over a

Question 12

How does concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 12

The higher the concentration gradient the faster the diffusion because there is a large difference in the number of particles on each side

Question 13

How does the size of the molecule affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 13

The bigger the molecule the slower the diffusion rate because its harder to go through the membrane

Question 14

What particles use facilitated diffusion?

Answer 14

Large and/or hydrophilic particles like glucose and animo acids and ions that need to get through to the cell

Question 15

How do small polar molecules use facilitated diffusion?

Answer 15

They use channel proteins, which are proteins filled with water in the membrane

Question 16

How do large polar molecules use facilitated diffusion?

Answer 16

They use carrier proteins by binding to a transmembrane carrier protein, which then opens and allow the glucose to pass through carrier proteins are specific for a certain molecule type