Unit 1 Flashcards

(31 cards)

1
Q

What are the 5 stages of embryological development

A
Neurulation
Cell proliferation
Migration and aggregation
Formation of axonal and dendritic processes
Synaptogenesis
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2
Q

Describe spina bifida occulta

A

Bone missing in a vertebra, maybe tuft of hair

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3
Q

Describe spina bifida meningocele

A

a sac protruding from the spinal cord containing the meninges

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4
Q

Describe spina bifida myelocele

A

a spinal cord protrusion, no skin over this pocket

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5
Q

What are the 3 main divisions of the CNS

A

Prosencephalon
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon

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6
Q

What is within the prosencephalon

A

Telencephalon
- cerebral hemispheres
Diencephalon
- thalamus, hyppothalamus, epithalamus

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7
Q

Describe spina bifida myelomeningocele

A

a sac containing both meninges and spinal cord

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8
Q

What is in the mesencephalon

A

Cerebral peduncles
Midbrain tectum
Midbrain tegmentum

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9
Q

What is in the rhombencephalon

A

Metencephalon
- pons, cerebellum
Myelencephalon
- medulla

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10
Q

What are the important flexures in brain development

A

cephalic - between brain and brainstem
cervical - between brain and spinal cord
pontine - future cite of cerebellum

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11
Q

When do the swallowing CNs differentiae

A

14 weeks

5, 7, 9, 10, 12

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12
Q

When do the visual CNs differentiae

A

25 weeks

2, 3, 4, 6

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13
Q

When do the hearing CNs differentiae

A

28 weeks

8

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14
Q

When do the olfaction CNs differentiae

A

31-32 weeks

1

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15
Q

in the first 2 years how does the brains size change

A

the brain will double in size in the first 2 years of life

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16
Q

What synthesizes CSF

A

The choroid plexus

17
Q

What is the Falx Cerebri

A

separates hemispheres of he brain and helps to anchor it in the skull

18
Q

What makes up myelin in the CNS and PNF

A

CNS - oligodendracites

PNF - schwan cells

19
Q

What are excitatory and inhibitory CNS neurotransmitters

A

Excitatory - glutamate

inhibitory - GABA

20
Q

how many spinal nerves are there

21
Q

What are the cranial nerves

A
Olfactory
Ocular
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal 
Abducens
Facial
vestibulocochlear
glossopharyngeal
Vagal
Spinal accessory
hypoglossal
22
Q

What is the sympathetic nervous system and its neurotransmitter

A

Fight or flight

Norepinephrine

23
Q

what is the parasympathetic nervous system and its neurotransmitter

A

Rest and digest

Acetylcholine

24
Q

What separates the temporal and frontal lobes

A

Sylvian fissure

25
Where is the primary motor area
precentral gyrus
26
Where is the primary sensory area
post central gyrus
27
Where is the primary visual area
occipital lobes
28
where is the primary auditory area
Heschel region
29
Where do upper motor neurons cross over the the contralateral side
Pyramidal decussation
30
What sensations do the posterior column transmit
Proprioception Vibration Sense Fine touch
31
What sensations do the anterolateral column transmit
Pain Temperature Crude touch