UNIT 1 - The Global Tapestry Flashcards
(39 cards)
What was China like under the Song Dynasty?
- China enjoyed great wealth, political stability, and artistic and intellectual innovations
- most commercialized society
- bureaucracy expanded through meritocracy
- spread of Buddhism and Confucianism
Economic developments in Postclassical China
- The Grand Canal
- Gunpowder
- Agriculture (Irrigation systems)
- Tribute system
Social structure in China
- emperor, aristocrats, peasants, merchants
- women defer to men (foot binding)
What are the 3 forms of Buddhism?
Theravada, Mahayana, and Tibetan Buddhism
What is Neo-Confucianism?
“New Confucianism” that revived under the Song dynasty, incorporating elements of Buddhism and Daoism
What was Japan’s society like during this time period?
- feudal society without a centralized government
- daimyo (landowning aristocrats) battled for control of land
- majority of people worked as rice farmers
What was Japan’s goverment like during this time period?
- shogun was the ruler
- emperor was only a figurehead
- regional rivalries among aristocrats
How was Korea connected to China?
- tributary relationship
- centralized government like the Chinese
- adopted Confucian and Buddhist beliefs
How was Vietnam’s society like?
- women had greater independence
- merit-based bureaucracy of educated men
What are some innovations in the Dar-al-Islam world?
-Advances in mathematics (Nasir al-Din al-Tusi —> trigonometry)
- Advances in medicine
- Advances in literature
What did Islamic society look like?
- merchants were viewed as more prestigious
- muslim women enjoyed higher status than Christian or Jewish women (could remarry, birth control)
Islamic rule in Spain
- Muslim forces invaded Spain from the south (711)
- ruled for 7 centuries
- existed peacefully
- promoted trade
Political structures in South Asia
- North India had more upheaval than south India
- Rajput kingdoms formed in northern india
- Delhi Sultanate reigned for 300 years
What are the differences between Hinduism and Islam?
- Hindus are polytheistic, Muslims are monotheistic
- Hindus have a hierarchical caste system, Muslims call for equality for all
What is the Bhakti Movement?
Some Hindus began to draw away from performing rituals and studying texts and instead concentrating on developing a strong attachment to a particular deity.
What was the importance of the Srivijaya Empire?
- Hindu kingdom in Indonesia
- built up navy and prospered by charges fees for ships that traveled between India and China
What was the importance of the Majapahit Kingdom?
- 98 tributaries
- In Java
- powerful by controlling sea routes
- Buddhist kingdom
What was the importance of the Khmer Empire?
- complex irrigation and drainage systems led to economic prosperity
- most prosperous kingdoms in SE Asia
What was the first large-scale civilization in North America?
The Mississippian Culture (In the Mississippi River Valley)
- had a rigid class structure
What were the Maya city states like?
- stretched over the southern part of Mexico
- main source of government was the city-state, each ruled by a king
- each king claimed to be a descendant of god (divine right)
What were the Aztecs like?
- originally hunter-gatherers who migrated to central Mexico
- capital Tenochtitlan
- tributary system
- religious leaders had power
- worshipped hundreds of deities
What were the Inca like?
- split into 4 provinces each with its own bureaucracy
- Mit’a system (mandatory public service)
- potatoes and maize crops
- human sacrifices
- sun god most important
How were political structures like in Inland Africa
- Sub-Saharan Africa formed by migrations of Bantu-speaking people
- kin-based networks
- chiefs
What was Mali like?
- wealthy and prosperous trading society
- led by Mansa Musa
