Unit 12 Bio Test Flashcards
Which of the following is an example of a vector and the disease it spreads?
A) insecticides and malaria
B) the Nile river and the West Nile disease
C) tall grass and Lyme disease
D) the deer tick and Lyme disease
D) the deer tick and Lyme disease
How are infectious diseases spread?
- coughing, sneezing, or physical contact
- infected animals
- contaminated water or food
What structure in your body will respond quickly if it encounters a virus for the second time?
memory T cell
What structure in the human body is in charge of directly killing (destroying) infected cells?
cytotoxic T cell
Which immune response is primarily carried out by T cells?
cell-mediated response
Antibiotics are effective at treating _________ but not ___________.
1) bacterial infections
2) viruses
Sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes that are associated with allergies are caused when _______________.
mast cells release histamines
What public health measures have helped fight disease?
- regulating food supplies
- monitoring water supplies
- promoting vaccinations
A person that has received the vaccine for HPV, which causes genital warts and can cause cervical cancer, is ________________.
able to produce antibodies against HPV
Antigens are ______________.
foreign molecules that trigger the generation of antibodies
Arrange the following statements in the order of their happenings.
1) phagocytes engulf and destroy the bacteria that damage cells
2) pathogens enter the body causing mast cells to release histamines increasing blood flow
3) blood vessels expand, and fluid leaves the capillaries causing swelling
2,3,1
Microorganisms that live in or on the human body can be ______ or _________.
1) symbionts
2) pathogens
___________ are involved in innate immunity, and a person lacking these cells may have a higher than normal chance of developing malignant rumors.
natural killer cells
If you become sick with the flu, and shortly thereafter you become sick with strep throat… Will the same type of B-cell that that fought the pathogen that caused the flu fight the pathogen that caused strep throat?
no, each B-cell is capable of recognizing one specific antigen.
What would you treat a case of watery, itchy eyes and sneezing after holding a flower bouquet with?
antihistamines
A person exposed to a new cold virus would not feel better for one to two weeks because ______________.
no memory cells can be called upon, so adequate response is slow
Which of these molecules is incorrectly paired with its source? A) antibodies-> cytotoxic T cells B) interferons-> virus-infected cells C) lysozyme-> tears D) antibodies-> B cells
A) antibodies-> cytotoxic T cells
Both the eye and respiratory tract are protected against infections by ______________.
the secretion of lysozyme onto their surface
The MHC is important in the T cell’s ability to ______________.
distinguish self from non-self
The inflammatory response can cause _________________.
pain, swelling, and a local rise in temperature
What differentiates T cells and B cells?
T cells, but not B cells, can directly attack and destroy invading pathogens
Proteins that tag pathogens for destruction by immune cells are called ___________.
antibodies
What is the primary function of humoral immunity?
It produces antibodies that circulate in body fluids
Both lysozyme and cytotoxic T cells ______________.
kill cells through chemical interactions
