Unit 13: Genomes

Question 1

Genome

Answer 1

All the genetic material of an organism that is transmitted from parents to offspring

Question 2

Sequence Assembly

Answer 2

The short sequences are put together in the correct order to generate the long, continuous sequence of nucleotides in the DNA molecule

Question 3

Shotgun Sequencing

Answer 3

The sequenced fragments do not originate from a particular gene or region but from sites scattered randomly across the chromosome

Question 4

Personalized Medicine

Answer 4

In an individuals genome sequence, it can be revealed what their disease susceptibilites and drug sensitivities are and allows treatments to be tailored to the individual

Question 5

Genome Annotation

Answer 5

The process by which researchers identify the various types of sequence present in genomes

Question 6

Sequence Motif

Answer 6

A sequence that indicates what type of sequence it is

Question 7

Open Reading Frame (ORF)

Answer 7

A long string of codons for amino acids with no stop codon

Question 8

Comparative Genomics

Answer 8

The study of the similarities and differences in protein-coding genes and other types of sequence in the genomes of different species

Question 9

Conserved

Answer 9

Sequences that are similar in different organisms

Question 10

Virus

Answer 10

A small infectious agent that contains a nucleon acid genome packed inside a protein coat