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Unit 2 Flashcards

Cellular Reaction to Injury (68 cards)

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1
Q

What is anoxia?

A

Deficient blood oxygen supply to tissues

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2
Q

What does the suffix -ase mean?

A

Enzyme

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3
Q

What does antagonism mean?

A

Mutual opposition or contrary action

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4
Q

What does the prefix ante- mean?

A

Before

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5
Q

What does the prefix anti- mean?

A

Against

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6
Q

What is an antibody?

A

A glycoprotein substance developed in response to an antigen

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7
Q

What is antisepsis?

A

The prevention of sepsis by preventing the growth of causative mircoorganisms

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8
Q

What is attenuation?

A

Dilution or weakening of virulence of a microorganism, abolishing it’s pathogenicity

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9
Q

What is aplasia?

A

Congenital absence of an organ or other part

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10
Q

What is arteriosclerosis?

A

Disease of the arteries resulting in the thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls

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11
Q

What is arteritis?

A

Inflammation involving an artery or arteries

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12
Q

What does the prefix arthro- mean?

A

Joint

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13
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

the deposition of lipids in the inner layer of arterial walls

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14
Q

What does atrophy mean?

A

A wasting, decrease in size of an organ or tissue

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15
Q

What does the prefix auto- mean?

A

Self

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16
Q

What does autopsy mean?

A

A postmortem exam of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition

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17
Q

What is an autotrophic bacteria?

A

Self-nourishing bacteria that are capable of growing in the absence of organic compounds

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18
Q

What is an avulsion?

A

A tearing away

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19
Q

What is a bacillus?

A

Any rod-shaped microorganism

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20
Q

What is bacteremia?

A

The presence of viable bacteria in the blood stream

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21
Q

What is a bacterium?

A

A prokaryotic, ONE-CELLED microorganism of the kingdom MONERA, existing as a free living organism or as parasites, multiplying by BINARY FISSION and having a large range of biochemical poperties

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22
Q

What are cellular changes?

A

Cell alterations that can be passive or regressive

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23
Q

What is degeneration?

A

Deterioration or impairment of an organ, tissue, or cell resulting in appearance of substances within the cell that are normally absent

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24
Q

What is infiltration?

A

Abnormal passing into and depositing of substance in cell, tissue, or an organ

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25
What is cellular swelling?
Increase in cell WATER content
26
What is fatty degeneration?
Deposit of abnormal amounts of fat in cells
27
What is amyloid degeneration?
Deposition of amyloid (starch-like protein) in organ or tissues
28
What is an amyloid?
A starch-like protein
29
What is fatty infiltration?
Deposit of fat in tissues; often due to poisons or diet
30
What is colloid degeneration?
Jelly-like disorganization of tissues
31
What are exogenous pigments?
Pigments transmitted from outside the body
32
What is carotenemia?
Carotene in the blood; results in color change of skin and liver
33
What is plumbism?
Due to lead poisoning; discoloration of gums, leads to brain and other organ damage
34
What are endogenous pigments?
Pigments present inside the body
35
What is calcification?
Calcium deposits (types of lime salts) in tissue, usually surrounded by bacteria, necrotic cells, mucous, or foreign materials
36
What are choleliths?
Gallstones
37
What are renaliths?
Kidney stones
38
What are vesicle calculi?
Bladder Stones
39
What are fecaliths?
In the intestines or appendix
40
What are rhinoliths?
In the nose
41
What are pneumoliths?
In the lungs
42
What is arteriosclerosis?
Calcium deposits in the arteries
43
What is a lithopedion?
Calcified fetus "STONE BABY"
44
What is gout?
Chronic metabolic disorder associated with blood uric acid levels
45
What is necrosis?
Cell degeneration that can lead to cell and tissue death WITHOUT REPLACEMENT OR REPAIR
46
What is coagulative necrosis?
Degeneration of proteins Looks like: dry, firm, yellowish mass
47
What is caseous necrosis?
Result of certain infections Looks like: creamy white, "cheesy", flaky, crumbly
48
What is liquefactive necrosis?
Tissues usually liquefy due to infections Looks like: tissues soften, becomes wet
49
What is ischemic necrosis?
Death of tissue due to a lack of blood supply Looks like: dry, firm, BLACKENED
50
What is gangrene?
Death of tissues, usually resulting from deficient or absent blood supply
51
What is dry gangrene?
Results from obstruction of ARTERIAL BLOODFLOW Looks like: dry, shrunken, black
52
What is wet gangrene?
Results from inadequate VENOUS DRAINAGE Looks like: swelling, edema, cold, moist black skin, liquefaction, NO PULSE
53
What is gas gangrene?
Similar to moist, but caused by anaerobic bacterium CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS
54
What is crepitation?
Stretching of tissue due to gas production from bacteria
55
What is sepsis?
Whole-body inflammatory state caused by infection
56
What is necrobiosis?
Natural cell and tissue death WITH REPLACEMENT
57
What is atrophy?
Decrease in size of organ or tissue
58
What is hypertrophy?
Increase in size of a tissue or organ as a result in increased CELL SIZE
59
What is hyperplasia?
Increase in size of tissue or organ due to increase in CELL COUNT
60
What is regeneration?
Tissue repair leading to restoration of normal function
61
What is somatic death?
Cessation of vital activities of the body resulting in cell degeneration, necrosis, and atrophy
62
What are somatic changes?
Pertaining o the whole body
63
What are cadaveric changes?
Sen after somatic death
64
What is algor mortis?
Cooling of the body (24 hr. environmental temp)
65
What is rigor mortis?
Stiffening of the body
66
What is livor mortis?
Change in color; blueish color (ashen)
67
What is putrefaction?
Due to autolysis of dead tissue and bacterial growth
68
What is regeneration?
Tissue repair leading to restoration of normal function

Pathology (11 decks)

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