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Psychology > Unit 3- > Flashcards

Unit 3- Flashcards

(79 cards)

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0
Q

Perception

A

Selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input

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1
Q

Sensation

A

Stimulation of sense organs

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2
Q

Threshold

A

dividing point between energy levels that do and do not have a detectable effect

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3
Q

Absolute threshold

A

a specific type of sensory input is the minimum stimulus intensity that an orgasm can detect

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4
Q

Dr. p

A

Visual a Agnosia: inability to recognize objects through sight

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5
Q

Psychophysics

A

How physical stimuli are translated into psychological experience

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6
Q

Just noticeable difference

A

Minimum stimulus intensity a sense can detect 50% of the time

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7
Q

Signal detection theory

A

Proposed that the detection of stimuli involves decision processes as well as sensory processes, which are both influenced by a variety of factors besides stimulus intensity

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8
Q

Webers/fechners law

A

The “jnd” of the stimulus is proportional to the magnitude of the stimuli

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9
Q

Detect ability

A

Replaced threshold (hit, miss, false alarm, correct rejection)

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10
Q

Subliminal perception

A

Registration of sensory input without conscious awareness

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11
Q

Who made the popcorn add

A

James vicary

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12
Q

Sexual ads

A

Wilson Brian key

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13
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

Decline of sensitivity due to prolonged stimulation

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14
Q

2 purposes of the eye

A

House retina

Channel light toward retina

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15
Q

Where does light enter

A

Cornea

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16
Q

What is considered the window of the eye

A

Cornea

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17
Q

What is the lens

A

Transparent eye structure that focuses light rays falling on the retina

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18
Q

What is the retina

A

Neural tissue lining inside of the back surface of the eye

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19
Q

Optic disk

A

A hole in the retina where the i tic nerve fibers exist in the eye

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20
Q

Cones

A

Daylight and color

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21
Q

Fovea

A

Tiny spot in center of retina with the most cones

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22
Q

Rods

A

Night vision and peripheral vision

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23
Q

Dark adaptation

A

The process in which the eyes become more sensitive to light in low illumination
Light to dark

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24
Passage of light
``` Retina Rods/cones Ganglion cell Bipolar cell Optic nerve ```
25
Light adaptation
The eyes become less sensitive to light in high illumination | Dark to light
26
Receptive field of a visual cell
Retinal area that, when stimulated, affects the firing of that cell
27
Lateral antagonism
When neural activity in a cell opposes activity in surrounding cells
28
Reversible figure
Drawing that can shift between 2 interp
29
Inattentional blindness
Failure to see event or object BC attention is focused elsewhere
30
Trichomatic theory of color vision
The human eye has three receptors with differing sensitivities to different light wave lengths
31
Opponent process of theory
Color perception depends on receptors that make antagonistic responses to three pairs of colors
32
Phi phenomenon
Illusion of movement created by presenting visual stimuli in rapid succession
33
Gestalt psychology
The whole can be greater than the sum of its parts
34
Feature analysis
Detecting specific elements in visual input and making it a more complex form
35
Amplitude
Loudness
36
Frequency
Pitch
37
Purity
Timbre
38
Wavelengths
Hz
39
Decibels
Measure amplitude
40
Timbre
Difference in percieved sound
41
Pinna
Sound collecting cone
42
Eardrum
Tense membranes that vibrates in response to sound waves funneled by the piña to the audits
43
Ossicles
Hammer anvil and syrup
44
Where do the ossicles translate vibrations
To the eardrum
45
Cochlea
Fluid filled, Coles tunnel with receptors
46
Oval window
Where sound enters the cochlea, due to vibrations of the ossicles
47
Basilar membrane
Division of the cochlea into upper and lower chambers
48
Hair cells
Auditory receptors in the BM
49
Vestibular system is where and what does it involve
Inner ear and equilibrium
50
Place theory
Perception of pitch corresponds to the vibration of different portions or places along the BM.
51
Frequency theory
Perception of pitch corresponds to the rate at which the whole BM operates
52
Gustatory
Taste
53
Olfactory
Smell
54
How many tastes are there,
``` 4 Bitter Salty Sweet Sour ```
55
Taste receptors
Cluster of taste buds
56
How long do taste buds live?
10 days
57
Non tasters
1/4 taste buds | 25%
58
Medium tasters
Between extremes | 50%
59
Super tasters
Special taste receptors | 25%
60
Perception of flavor
Combination of taste smell and sensation of food
61
Olfactory cilia
Small receptors
62
How long do olfactory cilia live
30/60 days
63
Olfactory bulb
Location where cilia and axons synapses then route to the olfactory cortex
64
What's different about the olfactory system
Doesn't pass through thalamus
65
touch
Somatosensory
66
Tactile stimulation
Feeling pressure
67
2 pathways
Fast path | Slow path
68
Fast path
A delta | Immediate Pain
69
Slow path
C delta | Stinging second pain
70
Gate control theory
Incoming pain must pass through gate in the spinal cord, that can be closed
71
Endorphins
Body's natural painkiller
72
Perisqueductal gray
descending neural pathway that mediates suppression of pain
73
Perceptual constancy
Tendency to experience a stable perception in the face of continually changing sensory input
74
Visual allusion
An apparently inexplicable discrepancy between the appearance of the visual stimulus and its physical reality
75
Impossible figures
Objects that can be represented in 2d pictures but not 3d
76
Perceptual hypothesis
An inference about which distal stimuli could be responsible for the proximal stimuli sensed
77
Depth perception
Interpretation of visual cues that indicate how near or far away objects are
78
Binocular cues
Clues about distance based on the differing views of the two eyes

Psychology (10 decks)

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