Unit 5

Question 1

Consciousness

Answer 1

Our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment

Question 2

Hypnosis

Answer 2

Social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject)that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur

Question 3

Posthypnotic suggestion

Answer 3

A suggestion made during a hypnosis session to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors

Question 4

Social influence theory of hypnosis

Answer 4

theory that powerful social influences can produce a state of hypnosis

Question 5

Divided consciousness theory

Answer 5

a split of awareness characterized by divided attention to two or more tasks or activities performed at the same time

Question 6

Dissociation

Answer 6

A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

Question 7

Sleep

Answer 7

A periodic natural loss of consciousness

Question 8

Circadian rhythm

Answer 8

Our biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24 hour cycle

Question 9

Rem sleep

Answer 9

Rapid eye movement sleep; a reoccurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur

Question 10

Alpha waves

Answer 10

The relatively slow brain waves of your awake but relaxed state

Question 11

NREM sleep

Answer 11

Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep

Question 12

Hallucinations

Answer 12

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Question 13

Hypnagogic sensations

Answer 13

Bizarre experiences, such as jerking or a feeling of falling or floating weightlessly, while transitioning to sleep

Question 14

Delta waves

Answer 14

The large, slow brain waves associated with the deep sleep of NREM-3

Question 15

Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Answer 15

A pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm

Question 16

Insomnia

Answer 16

Persistent problems in either falling or staying asleep

Question 17

Narcolepsy

Answer 17

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks, the sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times

Question 18

Sleep apnea

Answer 18

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Question 19

Night terrors

Answer 19

A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, they occur during NREM-3 sleep within two or three hours of falling asleep and are often seldom remembered

Question 20

Dreams

Answer 20

A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a person’s mind

Question 21

Manifest content

Answer 21

According the Freud, the symbolic, remembered storyline of a dream

Question 22

Latent content

Answer 22

According to Freud, the unconscious drives and wishes (often erotic) that would be threatening if expressed directly

Question 23

REM Rebound

Answer 23

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

Question 24

Psychoactive drug

Answer 24

Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods

Question 25

Substance use disorder

Answer 25

A disorder characterized by continued substance craving or use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

Question 26

Tolerance

Answer 26

The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experimenting the drugs effect

Question 27

Withdrawal

Answer 27

The discomfort and destress that follow the discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior

Question 28

Depressants

Answer 28

Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduces neural activity and slows body functions

Question 29

Alcohol use disorder

Answer 29

(Alcoholism) alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use

Question 30

Barbiturates

Answer 30

Drugs that depress CNS activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Question 31

Opiates

Answer 31

Such as morphine and heroin, depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Question 32

Stimulants

Answer 32

Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and more powerful cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamine, and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body function

Question 33

Nicotine

Answer 33

A stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug found in tobacco

Question 34

Cocaine

Answer 34

A powerful and addictive stimulant derived from the coca plant; produces temporarily increased alertness and euphoria

Question 35

Amphetamines

Answer 35

Drugs, such as methamphetamine, that stimulate neural activity, causes accelerated body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 36

Methamphetamine

Answer 36

A powerful addictive drug that stimulates CNS w/ accelerated body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

Question 37

Ecstasy (MDMA)

Answer 37

A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen

Question 38

Hallucinogens

Answer 38

Psychedelic (mind-manifesting) drugs such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images with the absence of sensory input

Question 39

Near-death experience

Answer 39

An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (cardiac arrest) similar to drug-induced hallucinations

Question 40

LSD

Answer 40

Powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide)

Question 41

THC

Answer 41

The major active ingredient in marijuana, triggered a variety of effects including mild hallucinations