Unit 5.3

Question 1

What does heritable information provide for?

Answer 1

it provides for the continuity of life

Question 2

What are the carriers of genetic information?

Answer 2

Nucleic acids are carriers of genetic information (DNA, and RNA).

Question 3

How is genetic information transferred to other cells?

Answer 3

It’s transferred to other cells during cell division

Question 4

What does the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next account for?

Answer 4

It accounts for the continuity of life

Question 5

What are the shared, conserved, fundamental processes and features support/prove?

Answer 5

It supports the notion of common ancestry

Question 6

What are some shared, conserved, fundamental processes and features that support common ancestry?

Answer 6

1. Major features of the genetic code shared by all modern organisms (nucleic acids, ribosomes)
   2.

Question 7

What do all organisms use to store and transmit genetic information?

Answer 7

They all use nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA

Question 8

What do all organisms use in order to synthesis protiens in accordance to nucelci acid sequences?

Answer 8

Ribosomes

Question 9

What supports the notion of common ancestry?

Answer 9

Shared, conserved, fundamental processes and features that many/all organisms possess

Question 10

What are metabollic pathways that are conserved among all currently recognized domains of life?

Answer 10

Cellulary respiration. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration both share the process of glycolysis), and this supports the notion of common ancestry.

Question 11

What do Mendel’s laws describe?

Answer 11

They describe the inheritance of genes and traits on different chromosomes

Question 12

What’s a gene?

Answer 12

It’s a unit of heredity coding for a trait, and it can be transferred from one generation to the next

Question 13

What’s a trait?

Answer 13

It’s a gentically determined trait for an organism

Genes determine these traits

Question 14

What’s an allele?

Answer 14

It’s a specific variation of a gene:
1. Organisms need allele from both parents
2. Organisms can inherit different alleles for the same gene.
3. Often represented by using letters (ex. A, a)

Question 15

What’s a dominant allele?

Answer 15

It’s the allele that always shows up in the phenotype if inherited/present in the genotype.

Represented by capital letters

Question 16

What’s a recessive allele?

Answer 16

It’s the allele that only shows in the phenotype when the dominant allele has not
been inherited/there are 2 of the same recessive alleles present

Represented by lower case

Question 17

What’s a genotype?

Answer 17

It’s a combination of inherited alleles

Question 18

What’s a homozygous genotype?

Answer 18

An gene containing both of the same alleles (be it dominant or recessive)

Question 19

What;’s a heterozygous genotype?

Answer 19

It’s a gene containing both types of alleles

Question 20

What’s a phenotype?

Answer 20

It’s the physical expression of the genotype

Question 21

What is the law of segregation?

Answer 21

It revolved around the notion that segregation of allels from homologoys chromosomes leads to genetic variation among gametes

Question 22

Tell me about the law of segregation.

Answer 22

• Chromosomes carry alleles.
• Homologous chromosomes carry alleles for the same trait.
• When chromosomes are separated into daughter cells during meiosis, the alleles for each trait are also separated.
• Separation of alleles allows for genetic variation among gametes.

Question 23

Stopped at unit 5.3 video 2 3:18