Unit 7 Stress, Coping And Health

Question 1

Biopsychosocial Model

Answer 1

Holds that physical illness is caused by a complex interaction of biological, psychological and sociocultural factors.
It does not suggest that biological factors are unimportant it simply asserts that these factors operate in a psychosocial context that is also influential.

Question 2

Health Psychology

Answer 2

Is concerned with how psychosocial factors relate to the promotion and maintenance of health and with the causation, prevention and treatment of illness.

Question 3

Stress

Answer 3

Any circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten ones well being and that thereby tax ones coping abilities.

Question 4

Primary appraisal

Answer 4

Is an initial evaluation of whether an evert is
(1) irrelevant to you
(2) relevant but not threatening
(3) stressful
This appraisal would determine whether you see an event as stressful.

Question 5

Secondary Appraisal

Answer 5

Which is an evualtion of your coping resources and option for dealing with stress.
This appraisal would determine how stress an event is in light of your assessment of your ability to deal with the event.

Question 6

Acute Stressors

Answer 6

Are tethering events that have relatively short duration and a clear endpoint

Question 7

Chronic Stressors

Answer 7

Are threatening events that have a relatively long duration and no readily apparent time limit.

Question 8

Frustration

Answer 8

Is experience whenever the pursuit of some goal is thwarted.

Question 9

Conflict

Answer 9

Occurs when 2 or more incompatible motivations or behavioral impulses compete for expression.

Question 10

Approach-Approach Conflict

Answer 10

A choice must be made between 2 attractive goals

Question 11

Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict

Answer 11

A choice must be made between 2 unattractive goals.

Question 12

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

Answer 12

A choice must be made about whether to pursue a single goal that has both attractive and unattractive aspects.
Often produce vacillation.

Question 13

Life Changes

Answer 13

Are a substantial alterations in ones living circumstances that require readjustment.

Question 14

Pressure

Answer 14

Involves expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way.

Question 15

Responding to Stress Process

Answer 15

1. Emotional responses: annoyance, anger, anxiety, fear, dejection, grief
2. Physiological response: autonomic arousal, hormonal flucations, neuro chemical changes
3. Behavioral response: coping effects such as lashing out at other, blaming ones self, seeking help, solving problems, releasing emotion

Question 16

Fight or Flight Response

Answer 16

Is a physiological reaction to threat in which the autominc nervous system mobilizes the organism for attaching (fight) or fleeing (flight) an enemy.
Mediated by the sympathetic division of ANS.

Question 17

General Adaption Syndrome

Answer 17

Is a model of the boy;s stress response, consisting of 3 stages:
1. Alarm-occurs when an organism first recognizes the existence of a treat. Physiological arousal occurs as the body musters its resources to combat the challenge.
2. Resistance- as stress continues you enter this stage. Physiological changes stabilize as coping efforts get under way. Physiological arousal continues to higher then normal
3. Exhaustion if stress continues over a substantial period of time you enter this stage. Resources for fightfor fighting stress are limited. If over run the body’s resources may be depleted.

Question 18

Neurogenesis

Answer 18

The formation of new neurons, primarily in key area of the hippocampus.

Question 19

Coping

Answer 19

Refers to active efforts to master, reduce or tolerate the demands created by stress.
Most behavioral responses involve coping.

Question 20

Learned Helplessness

Answer 20

Is a passive behavior produced by eposiue to unavoidable aversive events.
Seems to occur when individuals come to believe that events are beyond their control.

Question 21

Aggression

Answer 21

Is any behavior that is intended to hurt someone’s, either physically or verbally.

Question 22

Catharsis

Answer 22

Cioned by Freud as theorized that behaving aggressively could get pent up emotion out of ones system and thus be adaptive.
To refer to this release of emotional tension.

Question 23

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 23

Are largely unconscious reaction that protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt.

Question 24

Constructive Coping

Answer 24

To refer to relatively healthful efforts that people make to deal with stressful events.

Question 25

Burnout

Answer 25

Involves physical and emotional exhaustion, cynicism and lowered sense of self efficacy that can be brought on gradually by chronic work related stress.

Question 26

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Answer 26

Involves enduring psychological disturbance attributed to the experience of a major traumatic event.

Question 27

Type A Personality

Answer 27

Connection with coronary risk as involves self imposed stress and intense reactions to stress. Includes 3 elements 1. A strong competitive orientation 2. Impatience and time urgency 3. Anger and hostility Are ambitious, hard driving perfectionists, who are exceedingly time conscious. Highly competitive, irritable workaholics who drive themselves with many deadlines.

Question 28

Type B Personality

Answer 28

Personality is marked by relatively relaxed, patient, easy going, amicable behavior. Are less hurried, less competitive and less easily angered then type A.

Question 29

Immune Response

Answer 29

Is the boys defensive reaction to invasion by bacteria, viral agents or other foreign substances. Works to protect organism from many forms of disease.

Question 30

Social Support

Answer 30

Refers to various types of aid and emotional sustenance provided by members of ones social network. Many studies have found positive correlation between high social support and greater immune functions int.

Question 31

Optimism

Answer 31

Is a general tendency to expect good outcomes. Studies have found a correlation optimism and relatively good physical outcomes.

Question 32

Hardiness

Answer 32

Is a constellation of attunes, beliefs and behavioral tendencies that consist of 3 components: 1. Commitment 2. Control 3. Challenge Concept first detailed by Kobasa in 1979.

Question 33

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 33

A disorder in which the immune system is gradually weakened an eventually disabled by the human immunodeficiency virus HIV.

Question 34

Rational Emotive Therapy

Answer 34

Is an approach that focuses on altering clients patterns of irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive emotions and behaviors.

Question 35

Catastrophic Thinking

Answer 35

Involves unrealistic negative appraisal of stress that exaggerates the magnitude of one’s problems.

Question 36

General Adaption Syndrome

Question 37

Internet Addition

Question 38

Resilience