Unit 9

Question 1

personality

Answer 1

a person’s broad, long-lasting patterns of behavior

Question 2

free association

Answer 2

a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind

Question 3

psychoanalysis

Answer 3

personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts

Question 4

unconscious

Answer 4

a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings

Question 5

ego

Answer 5

mediates id and superego

Question 6

id

Answer 6

completely unconscious wants, needs, desires

Question 7

superego

Answer 7

morality,angel

Question 8

identification

Answer 8

children incorporate parents’ values into developing superego

Question 9

repression

Answer 9

pushing things back into mind because they cause guilt

Question 10

regression

Answer 10

retreat to child-like behavior

Question 11

reaction formation

Answer 11

ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites

Question 12

defense mechanism

Answer 12

ego distorts things to accept us

Question 13

projection

Answer 13

disguise own problems issues by attributing them to others

Question 14

fixation

Answer 14

lingering focus on pleasure-seeking in the early stages

Question 15

rationalization

Answer 15

one makes excuses instead of focusing on the real issue

Question 16

displacement

Answer 16

shifts sexual impulses toward a less-threatening person

Question 17

sublimation

Answer 17

re channel unaccepted impulses into socially approved activities

Question 18

oral

Answer 18

pleasure centers on mouth (0-18 months)

Question 19

anal

Answer 19

pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination (18-36 months)

Question 20

phallic

Answer 20

pleasure zone on genitals (3-6 years)

Question 21

latency

Answer 21

dormant sexual feelings (6 to puberty)

Question 22

genital

Answer 22

maturation of sexual interests (puberty +)

Question 23

archetypes

Answer 23

inherited universal concepts appearing all throughout history

Question 24

collective unconscious

Answer 24

all archetypes taken together

Question 25

terror management theory

Answer 25

thinking about our own morality living in a threatening world

Question 26

Rorschach inkblot test

Answer 26

inkblots shown and you say how you feel and it reveals your feelings

Question 27

TAT

Answer 27

make up a story based on the picture shown

Question 28

projective test

Answer 28

a stimulus is shown and you tell a story

Question 29

gender identy

Answer 29

a person's innate sense of their gender

Question 30

preconcious area

Answer 30

latent parts of the brain that are readily available to the conscious mind

Question 31

Oedipus complex

Answer 31

a desire for sexual involvement with parent

Question 32

self-actualization

Answer 32

psychological need that arises after basic needs are met and self-esteem is achieved

Question 33

unconcious positive regard

Answer 33

an attitude of total acceptance of another person

Question 34

self-concept

Answer 34

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves

Question 35

individualism

Answer 35

putting self-goals over others

Question 36

collectivism

Answer 36

putting team goals over self-goals

Question 37

possible self

Answer 37

individual ideas of what they might become

Question 38

personality inventory

Answer 38

long sets of questions covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors

Question 39

MMPI

Answer 39

able to weed out emotional disorders in people

Question 40

trait

Answer 40

characteristic pattern of behavior or tendency to act in a certain way

Question 41

conscientiousness

Answer 41

level of awareness, careful, disciplined

Question 42

agreeableness

Answer 42

adaptability, trusting, helpful

Question 43

neuroticism

Answer 43

level of emotion, calm, secure

Question 44

openmindedness

Answer 44

new ideas, imaginative, independent

Question 45

extraversion

Answer 45

outgoing, sociable, fun-loving

Question 46

factor analysis

Answer 46

identifies components and traits

Question 47

esysenck circle

Answer 47

many normal human variations can be reduced to extraversion- introversion, emotional stability, and instability

Question 48

hans and sybil eysenck

Answer 48

made the esyenck circle, gender traits will fall waiting 4 dimensions

Question 49

empirically derived test

Answer 49

testing a pool of items and selecting those that discriminate between groups

Question 50

personal situation controversy

Answer 50

personality traits stable with age

Question 51

Jerome kagan

Answer 51

psychologist that found emotions are controlled by brain states

Question 52

reciprocal determination

Answer 52

the interacting influences between personality and environmental factors

Question 53

personal control

Answer 53

our sense of controlling our environment

Question 54

internal locus of control

Answer 54

the perception that one controls one's own fate

Question 55

external locus of control

Answer 55

the perception that chance or outside forces beyond our control determine our fate

Question 56

optimism

Answer 56

hopefulness and confidence about the future

Question 57

learned helplessness

Answer 57

the idea that one cannot avoid repeated adverse events

Question 58

martin seligman

Answer 58

psychologist who created the theory of learned helplessness

Question 59

self-esteem

Answer 59

one's feelings of high or low self-worth

Question 60

self serving bias

Answer 60

tendency to perceive oneself as favorability

Question 61

spotlight effect

Answer 61

overestimating others noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders

Question 62

self-efficacy

Answer 62

one sense of competence and effectiveness

Question 63

narcissism

Answer 63

excessive self absorption and self love