Flashcards in Upper GI II Deck (36)
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1
________ opens into bottom of gastic pit
Narrow isthmus
2
______ of the gastric gland extends into the lamina propria
Fundus (base)
3
Cells of the gastric gland
-mucous neck cells
- Stem cells in neck
- Chief cells (zymogenic cells)
- Parietal cells (oxyntic cells)
- Enteroendocrine Cells (APUD cells)
4
Mucous neck cells of the gastric glands secrete
soluble mucous
5
Chief cells (zymogenic cells) secrete
Pepsinogen
6
Parietal cells (oxyntic cells) manufacture _______ and secrete ______
Manufacture HCl (note that they secrete H+ and Cl-)
They secrete intrinsic factor
7
Enteroendocrine cells (APUD cells) function of gastric glands
-secrete hormones
- Amine Precursor uptake and decarboxylation
8
Parietal cells are unique cell of the
gastric gland
9
Histological characteristics of parietal cells
Large pyramidal shaped, eosinophilic cell
10
Parietal cells produce ______ and secrete ____-
Produce HCl
Secrete intrinsic factor
11
Parietal cells generate hydrogen ion from _______ similar to osteoclast
carbonic acid
12
Parietal cells have prominent __________ lined by ______
Parietal cells have a prominent intracellular canaliculi lined by microvilli
13
_________ of the parietal cells are part of exocytosis-endocytosis funciton
Turbulovesicle pools
14
Function of gastric intrinsic factor secreted by parietal cells
necessary for absorption of Vitamin B12 by the ileum
15
Chief cells secrete
pepsinogen
16
small cells of gastric glands with secretory vesicles polarized toward basal surface in proximity to blood vessels
Enteroendocrine (APUD cell)
17
The enteroendocrine cell (APUD cell) produce
peptide hormone and serotonin
18
What increases surface area of the Intestines
= Length of small and large intestine
- Plicae circulares (valves of Kreckring)
- Villi
- Microvilli
19
What are the 3 levels of folding in the small intestine that increase surface area
- Plicae
- Crypt-Villus System
- Microvilli
20
These are folds of the mucosa, each with a submucosal core
Plicae
21
Each villus contains a core of
lamina propria
22
The crypts extend down between the _____ below the
Villi, below the bases of the villi
23
Crypts and villi constitute _______ of the small intestine
glands
24
Wall of villus is composed of ________ epithelium with _______
simple columnar epithelium with goblet cells
25
Each villus contains a blind-ending lymphatic referred to as a
lacteal
26
Each villus contains a ______ plexus
Capillary plexus
27
Each villus contains
-A core of lamina propria
- A capillary plexus
- a blind-ending lymphatic referred to as a lacteal
28
Microvilli are covered with ______ and _______
Glycoprotein and glycocalyx (glycolipid coat)
29
Glycocalyx (glycolipid coat of microvilli) contains an array of ________ enzymes . Name them? and who produces them
Brush-boarder enzymes
- Maltase
- Sucrase
- Isomaltase
- Lactase
- Lipase
- Peptidases
- Produced by small intestinal epithelial cells
30
