Urology

Question 1

What is the first-line imaging modality in suspected prostate cancer?

Answer 1

Multiparametric MRI is first line.
Transrectal Ultrasound guided biopsy (TRUS) is second line

Question 2

What scale is used to report the findings on Multiparametric MRI in suspected prostate cancer?

Answer 2

5-point Likert scale.
(3 or more = need for prostate biopsy)

Question 3

What Grading system is used in Prostate cancer?

Answer 3

Gleason Grading system.

Question 4

What are the various treatment options in prostate cancer?

Answer 4

• Watch and wait - Elderly, multiple co-morbidities, low Gleason score.
• External Radiotherapy - Both potentially curative and palliative therapy possible.
• Surgery (Radical Prostatectomy) - standard treatment for localised disease - removal of prostate and obturator nodes.
• Hormone therapy - LHRH analogues or anti-androgens.
  testosterone stimulates prostate tissue and prostatic cancers usually show some degree of testosterone dependence.

Question 5

If NSAIDS (Diclofenac) are contraindicated or not sufficient in analgesia what can be given in Renal Colic?

Answer 5

IV Paracetamol is next line.

If that still doesn’t work then potentially oral Morphine.