usmle rx micro Flashcards
(138 cards)
1
Q
erythemia infectiosum treatmen
A
no txt self remitting
2
Q
inhibit formation of initiation complex and cause misreading of mrna
A
aminoglycoside gentamycin
3
Q
inhibiting RNA polymerase
A
Rifampin
4
Q
inhibits formation of mycolic acid
A
isoniazid
5
Q
positive quelling test or capsular swelling test in pneumonia pt means wat bactria?
also txt if pt is allergic to penicillin?
A
stept pneumonia
macrolide
6
Q
most common cause of nocosomial UTI that produces a red pigment
A
serratia gram negative
7
Q
actinomyces israelii txt of choice
A
penicillin G
8
Q
what is the infectious form of chlamydia
A
extracellular elementary body
9
Q
whooping cough agent and growing media
A
Bordetella pertussis
bordet gengou medium
10
Q
Bordetella pertussis exotoxin
A
inc cAMP activity by disabling Gi ….. impairing phagocytosis
11
Q
when amd how can u treat whooping cough
A
only in the first stage when symp are flu like by doxycycline
12
Q
Loffler medium
A
cornycobaterium diptheria
13
Q
diptheria toxin mechanism
A
inactivate elongation facto 2
14
Q
eaton agar
A
M pneumonia
15
Q
Thayer martin
A
nisseria gonorrhea
16
Q
mac conkey
A
lactose fermenting agents
17
Q
Lowenstein
A
M TB
18
Q
brown colonies on mac conkey means what
A
non lactose fermenting
19
Q
s pyogenes major virulence factor
A
M protein
20
Q
anopheles mosquito can transmit
A
malaria
21
Q
kala azar / leishmania can be transmitted by
A
sandfly
22
Q
when can u suspect osteomyelitis with candida
A
IV drug user
23
Q
describe RSV
A
paramyxovirus, RNA enveloped and non segmented
24
Q
RNA double stranded segemented
A
reovirus (Colorado tick) and rota
25
which virus causes cancer by inactivating p53 and rb gene
HPV through E6 7
26
pastruella multicoida txt
even though gram negative... amoxi clavulonic acid are best
27
hypoechoic lesion of the liver plus eosinophilia pst 6 monmths with diarrhea
and the DD
tapeworm ecchinococus granulosus
| DD Entamoeba histiolitica… this has no eosinophilia and it is more acuuuute 1-2 weeks
28
pharyngoconjunctival fever symptoms in a child are caused by
adenovirus, naked icosahedral dsDNA
29
circular RNA viruses
Dhey Are Balls
Deltavirus
Arena
Bunya
30
kid eats at vendors from mexico … days of bloody diarrhea fatigue and irritability .. diagnosis and what further tsting needs to be done
EHEC ….. HUS so check for kidney function
| triad of renal failure, anemia and thrombocytopenia
31
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
Colorado... deer mouse droppings.... headaches fever arthralgias
32
flea bite, painful lymphadenopathy, DIC and sepsis
Yersinia pestis
33
most common cause of common cold
rhinovirus... picornavirus non enveloped single stranded RNA
34
uncomplicated UTI young patient … e coli what treatment to give
tmx sulfmethoxazole … this can cause macrocytic anemia due to folatre deficiency
35
mononucleosis like but owl eye appearance on histo image
CMV
36
vancomycin has activity against what kind of bacteria
only gram positive
37
gram negative rods respod well to
aztreonam
38
mumps symptoms
parotiditis, orchitis, meningitis
39
release of oxygen radicles that cause damage to epithelium
mechanism of mycoplasma pneumonia... children > 5 years
40
bronchiolitis in child < 5 years caused by
RSV.... has a fusion protein which can cause cells to merge
41
pt with abd distention and tenderness... normal bowl habits but hepatomegaly... swims in amazon … wat could cause this ditetion
schistosoma mansoni ….. in fresh water... causes portal hyp
42
meningitis india ink positive with encapsulated organism is ……
txt?
Cryptococcus …. start with amphotericin B and then flucytosine
43
enfuvirtide mechanism
blocks fusion by gp41
44
raltegravir
integrase inhibitor
45
hypothyroidism post viral illness
de quervain thyroditis
46
hashimoto thyroiditis has specific cells what are they called
hurthle cells … lymphoid aggregates
47
main virus causing pericarditis
coxsackie B … small single stranded naked icosahedral virus
48
double stranded segmented virus
reo ---- rota and colti virus for colarado tick fever
49
ehrlichiosis
berry like cytoplasmic inclusions...fever headaches malaise and rasre rash on trunk legs and back
TICK VECTOR like for other rickettsia disease
50
enterobius vermicularis
pinworm tapeworm … anal pruritic txt mebendezole
51
wel felix reaction is a specific test for
riocky mountain fever
52
what is the most specific test for sypyhilis
fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test FTA ABS
53
nocosomial uti that grows in sheep blood agarwith discolouration
and txt?
enterococci
| ampicillin is gooood
54
HIV infection explain mechanism
HIV gp 120 binds cd4 t cell … this later binds to ccr5 on macrophasges or cxcr4 on t cells
55
urethritis in a male
c.tracomatis or nisseria gonorrhea …. brown inclusion bodies can be seen … txt with azithromycon
56
which antifungal binds tubulin
griseufulvin txt for tinea corporis pedis etc
57
coxsackie b vuirus is from thw family of
picornaviridae
58
oocytes in the stool
cryptosporidium
59
eggs in stool `
ascaris lumbricoids
60
locus ceruleus is site of what neurotrans
norepi
61
raphe nucleus
serotonin
62
ventral tegmentum and subs niagra
dopamine
63
6 year old boy, extensive rash withy itchy macules papules and pustules in various stages of healing
chicken pox ,.,,, vzv
64
working near bats or birds …palatal tongue ulcers splenomegaly... ohio state …. coin lesions
histoplasmosis
65
most common in desert areas like Arizona … spores must be inhaled … desrt bump erythema nodosum … desrt arthritis
coccidomycosis
66
a cyst with thick walls and intracystic bodies
pneumocystis jiroveci...
67
dimorphic fungi cigar shaped budding yeast
sporothrix schenkci
68
a mold with v shape branching at 45 degrees
aspergillus
69
hepadenavirus family
hep B
70
gram negative coccobacillus
h.influenza
71
pt has a MVP or a damaged valve what is the most common condition he can get
subacute endocarditis with microemboli
| roth spots, osler nodes
72
chlamydia txt
azithromycin add doxy to cover gonorrhea
73
presence of cold agglutinin in serum indicate what bacteria
mycoplasma pneumo
74
txt of mycoplasma pneumo, rickettsia, chlamydia, borrelia
tetracycline
75
which virus remains dormant in the trigeminal ganglion as an apisome which can be viewed in miicroscopy
HSV 1
76
hemagglutinin abd neuroamidase
H promotes entry
| N releases progeny virus
77
undulant fever after eating milk products
Brucella species
78
group b strept is most common cause of meningitis in children at what age
less than 3 months
79
txt for hemophilus influenza
amoxicillin clavulonate
80
post joint replacement surgery what bacteria can cause septic arthritis
staph aureus
81
bloody diarrhea, acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia
HUS
82
transduction
gene transfer through a bacteriophage... need a vector
83
transformation
when cells die the dna is released and this can be taken up by other bacteria no vector needed
84
seizures can be a side effect of wat antibiotic
metronidazole
85
tzank smear tests what
HSV
86
VLDRL tests what
syphillis
87
painful ulcer with VLDRL and tzank negative diagnose and txt
chancroid, h duceryi
| treat with cefrtriaxone on etime 250 mg intramusc injection
88
yellow fever has a typical presentation … a sign
faget sign... high fever with bradycardia
plus involvement of zone 2 is commonly seen
may see councilman bodies eosinophilic globules
89
barking cough caused by
parainfluenza
90
rubella
fever preceds the rash and resolves before the rash …… post auricular lymphdnpthy is common toooooo
91
neonate with purulent discharge from umbilicis for a day with irritability and fever with large fluid filled blisters
Scalded skin syndrome.... staphylococcal..... binding of exotoxins to desmosome
92
most common meningitis agents in 0-6 months
grp b, ecoli, listeria
93
which has a higher rate of infectivity Hep B or C
hep c then c
94
budding yeast with pseudohyphae
candida
95
vision changes in HIV patient who has contact with pigens
Cryptococcus ….. enapsulated
96
how can one contract histoplasmosis
ohio area,,,, bird bat droiping
97
rabies virus description
rhabdovirus....SS enveloped and helical
98
wchich protozoa can cause bloody diarrhea
entamoeba histyolitica
99
eosinophilic inclusion surrounded by clear halo … in vzv
cowdry a bodies
100
call exner bodies
granulosa cell tumor
101
how to empirically treat meningitis
ceftriaxone and vancomycin
102
silver stain can be used to visualize?
| how does it look?
legionella
| yellow background.... brown stain
103
homozygous for CCR5 mutation means what
vaccination angst HIV … CCR5 is on macrophages that enables virus entry
104
pt has aids and presents with a specific skin lesion and edema
thin KAPOSCI sarcoma HHV8 …….. txt with alpha interferon
105
bartonella angiomatosis
can present similar to kaposci sarcoma …. DD only made by biopsy and it is treated by erythromycin or doxycycline
106
beta interferon can be used to treat
Multiple sclerosis
107
hep b is a
DNA virus enveloped circular
108
hep c
enveloped RNa flavivirus
109
hep e
nonenveloped single stranded RNA virus
110
hep d
small defective rna circular virus
111
how to detect salmonella (growing media)
hektoen agar … black centers
112
bloody diarrhea after exposure to fresh unfiltered water
E.histiolitica…. seen as trophozoites with ingesdted RBCS... txt metronidazole
113
severe diarrhea in a pt with AIDS and oocysts on acid fast stain
cryptosporidium txt with nitazoxinide
114
what is the mechanism of TSST 1 by staph
activation of t lymphocytes by cross linking MHC II
115
bacterial vaginosis has a ph of?
5-6
116
candida infection of the vagina ph
normal 3.4-4
117
squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder
schistosoma hematobium
118
subacute endocarditis on previously infected valves
strept viridians …. alpha hemolyutic optochin resistnt
119
severe pneumonia, elderly, diarrhea
legionella … silver stain
120
rubella vs measles
rubella RASH FIRST then URI
121
pt with HIV … worsening hemiparesis, visual disturbances and no signs on increased ICP
JC virus
122
intranuclear basophilic inclusions
CMV
123
intranuclear acidophilic cowdry type A
HSV
124
classic signs of entamaeba histiolytica
travel to a developing country, increased ALT, mucoid bloody diarrhea
125
if not treated syphilis infection can lead to
aortic insufficiency destroys vasa vasorum
126
catheter related infection by a gram negative rod that produces RED pigment
serratia
127
sodium stibogluconate used to treat?
leishmania Donovan … sandly … splenomegaly, malaise,hepatomegaly, weightloss
128
selenium sulfide
malassezia furfur..... meatball appearance …. inea versicolor
129
systemic treatment for infection with blastomycosis
amphotericin B
130
green vaginal discharge
trichomonas ( wet mount shows mobile flagellated trophozoites... ph 7-8
131
fishy odour vaginal disch
gardenerella vaginalis
132
dimorphic fungus cigar shaped budding
sporthix schenkii
133
doxycycline side effects
teeth discolouration and sun sensitivity
134
glycoprotein capsue gram positive bacteria
strept pneumo
135
spherules at 37 degrees and branched hyphaew at 25
coccidiomycosis
136
tick bite... well demarcatd area with a black base
TULAREMIA
137
Brucella transmitted via
contaminated milk or livestock
138
fresh water ingestion... high fever... renal failure... hepatitis … myalgia
leptospirosis … animal urine …. spirochete
