UWORLD Cardio Pharm 3/14b

Question 1

niacin ADR = flushing mediated by

tx?

Answer 1

prostaglandins
PGD2, PGE2

tx with aspirin

Question 2

nitroglycerin MoA & fxn

Answer 2

venodilator –> decrease preload –> decrease cardiac workload

large veins

Question 3

ARBs target

Answer 3

ATII receptors

Question 4

ARBs RAAS effect

Answer 4

+ ATII
+ ATI
+ Renin
- Aldosterone

Question 5

low dose aspirin MoA and fxn

Answer 5

inhibit COX-1
inhibit synthesis of TXA2

impair platelet aggregation
reduce vasoconstriction

Question 6

aspirin ADR

Answer 6

GI bleeding

Question 7

transient ischemic attack sx

Answer 7

hx hypertension, hypercholesterolemia

sx sudden onset neuro deficits = limb weakness, difficulty speaking

Question 8

CYP450 inducers

Answer 8

carbamazepine
phenobarbital
phenytoin
rifampin
griseofulvin

Question 9

CYP450 inhibitors

Answer 9

cimetidine
ciprofloxacin
erythromycin
azoles
grapefruit juice
isoniazid
ritonavir

Question 10

Statin metabolism

Answer 10

CYP450 3A4

except pravastatin

Question 11

statin + CYP450 inhibitor

Answer 11

myopathy

rhabdomyolysis –> acute renal failure

Question 12

class I antiarrhythmics Na+ channel binding strength (most –> least)

Answer 12

1C > 1A > 1B

Question 13

alteplase MoA

Answer 13

thrombolytic

bind fibrin & convert plasminogen –> plasmin
plasmin hydrolyzes bonds in fibrin –> clot lysis

Question 14

alteplase ADR

Answer 14

hemorrhage

Question 15

dihydropyridine ADR

Answer 15

peripheral edema
headache, flushing, dizziness

preferential dilation of precapillary vessels (arteriolar dilation) –> + hydrostatic pressure & fluid accumulation in interstitium