UWORLD random 3/19b

Question 1

ectopic pregnancy uterine biopsy

Answer 1

decidualized endometriumm

dilated coiled endometrial glands
vascularized endematous stroma
(luteal phase)

NO embryonic and trophoblastic tissue

Question 2

heterochromatin

Answer 2

inactive

Barr body

heavily methylated DNA

deacetylated histones

low transcriptional activity

Question 3

antitoxin

Answer 3

passive immunization

Question 4

pelvic fracture + inability to void despite full bladder sensation

Answer 4

urethral injury

foley catheter is contraindicated

Question 5

statistical power

Answer 5

1-B

study’s ability to detect a difference when 1 exists

Question 6

blue-violet or brownish dermal plaques on feed/legs and spread proximally

Answer 6

kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 7

l ovarian vein drains into…

Answer 7

l renal vein

Question 8

r ovarian vein drains into…

Answer 8

IVC

Question 9

succinylcholine NMJ blocker

Answer 9

depolarizing agent

phase I = prevent repolarization of motor endplate

phase II = desensitize and inactivate ACh receptors

Question 10

digeorge/velocardiofacial

Answer 10

chr 22q11.2 deletion

defective development of pharyngeal pouches 3-4

cardiac
abnormal facies
thymic hypoplasia/aplasia (t-cell def)
craniofacial (cleft)
hypocalc/hypopth

dx FISH

Question 11

tetrology of fallot

Answer 11

cyanotic spells better with squatting
systolic murmur

cyanosis due to R–>L shunt with RVOT obstruction (infundibular septum deviation)

Question 12

duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 12

gower sign
muscle weakness
calf pesudohypertrophy
elevated CK

x-linked

early stop codon
UAA
UAG
UGA

Question 13

SLE antismith antibodies

Answer 13

anti snRNPs

Question 14

CD4 & CD8 antigens

Answer 14

immature cortical t lymphocytes in thymus

Question 15

dopamine dosing

Answer 15

vary effects based on dose

low = D1 = renal vasculature (+ blood flow)

med = B1 = heart (chronotropic)

high = a1 = vasculature (vasoconstriction)

Question 16

dilated pupils, yawning, lacrimating, hyperactive bowel sounds, NV, ab cramps, muscle aches

Answer 16

heroin withdrawal

Question 17

zolpidem

Answer 17

short acting hypnotic

unrelated to benzos but act similarly (GABA-A agonist)

short term tx insomnia, less addiction

Question 18

class 4 antiarrhythmics

Answer 18

block Ca channels in nodes

reduce HR

slow phase 4 diastolic depol

Question 19

TPR for vessels in parallel

Answer 19

1/TPR = 1/R1 + 1/R2… etc

Question 20

restrictive lung disease due to obesity lung fxn tests

Answer 20

• FEV1
• FVC*
• ERV*
• TLC

normal RV

Question 21

circular nonnuclear DNA

Answer 21

mitochondrial DNA

Question 22

jugular foramen

Answer 22

CN 9,10,11, jugular vein

Question 23

cribriform plate

Answer 23

CN 1

Question 24

optic canal

Answer 24

CN 2
ophthalmic artery
central retinal vein

Question 25

sup orbital fissure

Answer 25

CN 3, 4, 5-1, 6 ophthalmic vein sympa fibers

Question 26

foramen rotundum

Answer 26

CN 5-2

Question 27

Foramen ovale

Answer 27

CN 5-3

Question 28

foramen spinosum

Answer 28

middle meningeal artery and vein

Question 29

internal acoustic meatus

Answer 29

CN 7, 8

Question 30

hypoglossal canal

Answer 30

CN 12

Question 31

foramen magnum

Answer 31

spinal roots of CN 11, brain stem, vertebral arteries

Question 32

cystinuria

Answer 32

COLA + risk kidney stones low urine pH

Question 33

photoaging

Answer 33

UVA wavelengths increased collagen crosslinking thinning of epidermis decreased collagen fibril production

Question 34

perianal fistula

Answer 34

Crohn's disease

Question 35

HUS from e coli serum levels

Answer 35

+ serum indirect bilirubin due to hemolytic anemia

Question 36

hyperkalemia drugs

Answer 36

``` nonselective BB ACEi ARBs k-sparing diuretics cardiac glycosides (digoxin) NSAIDs ```

Question 37

ADHD dx

Answer 37

inattention or hyperactivity in at least 2 settings

Question 38

tx genital herpes

Answer 38

-cyclovir nucleoside analog --> terminate nucleic acid synthesis

Question 39

HIV retinitis

Answer 39

CMV tx gancyclovir

Question 40

gram pos cocci in chains with UTI

Answer 40

enterococcus gamma hemolysis

Question 41

Hib vaccine

Answer 41

paired with tetanus antitoxoid = T-cell mediated response polysaccharide capsule = B cell immune response

Question 42

CREST syndrome

Answer 42

``` calcinosis raynaud's esophgeal dysmotility sclerodacyly telangiectasia ``` anti-centrometere

Question 43

diffuse scleroderma

Answer 43

diffuse skin and visceral involvement | anti-DNA topo I Scl-70

Question 44

juvenile hemangioma

Answer 44

cutaneous strawberry-type capillary benign, common initially grow proportional to child and regress spontaneously at/before puberty