Vaccines Flashcards
(13 cards)
Where are memory cells renewed?
Bone marrow
How do memory B and T cells work on second event of infection (secondary response). 2 items.
- activate to clear infection quicker
- activate mechanisms to SUPPRESS naive B and T cells from responding to the same pathogen
Which cells are more, effector cells or memory B and T cells during primary response?
Effector cells outnumber
What are the TWO most important contribution to public
health
- Vaccination
- Sanitation
What are the 2 immunsations given
- Stimulates primary immune response - medicated by naive B and T cells
- Stimulates secondary immune response -mediated y memory B and T cells
Define: Vaccination
Medical procedure providing immunological memory of a pathogen without the individual needing to be infected initially by that pathogen
What is the problem with the memory cells suppressing the naive B and T cells upon secondary immune resposne?
- Possibility of progressive genetic modifications through mutation of the virus strains (antigenic drift and shift)
- must wait for ALL epitopes of the original antigen are lost for the naive B and T cells to work again… takes longer so you spend more time ill
When are memory B & T cells
produced?
During the secondary
response
What is a subunit vaccine made of?
Made of only part of a virus
in vitro using recombinant DNA
Which type of vaccine can induce
weak symptoms of the disease?
Live attenuated
Which route of admin mimicks physiological entry point of most pathogens?
via the mucosal surface (mucosa)
oral or intranasal
What is an adjuvant used for
Stimulate the immune
response
Describe Edward Jenners approach.
Inject cowpox (bovine) which gave immunisation (protection) against smallpox
Named the process: vaccination
