Vasculature MD3

Question 1

Subclavian aa

Answer 1

R branches off brachiocephalic trunk, L branches off aortic arch

• branches include: thyrocervical, internal thoracic, vertebral, costocervical, dorsal scapular
• becomes the axillary aa after passing rib 1

Question 2

Suprascapular aa

Answer 2

from thyrocervical aa (subclavian aa)

passes over suprascapular ligament (over scapular notch)

supplies supraspinatus? as well as various other sites

Question 3

Axillary aa

Answer 3

subclavian aa becomes axillary aa after passing rib 1

axillary aa becomes brachial aa after passing lower border of teres major

3 segments split up by pec minor (1 medial, 2 posterior, 3 lateral)

1- superior thoracic

2- thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic

3- subscapular, ant & post circumflex humeral

Question 4

Superior Thoracic aa

Answer 4

• branch off 1st segment of axillary aa
• supplies 1st & 2nd intercostal spaces, superior portion of serratus anterior

Question 5

Thoracoacromial aa

Answer 5

• 2nd segment (first branch) of axillary aa
• 4 branches: pectoral, deltoid, acromial, clavicular

Question 6

Lateral Thoracic aa

Answer 6

2nd segment (second branch) of axillary aa

• supplies lateral structures of thorax & breast (serratus ant, pec major, intercostals)
• runs along with long thoracic nn?

Question 7

Anterior & Posterior Circumflex Humeral aa

Answer 7

• 3rd segment of axillary aa
• encircle surgical neck of humerus anastomosing laterally, larger posterior branch located in quadrangular space
• anterior supplies shoulder
• posterior supplies GH joint, deltoid, teres major & minor, long head of triceps?

Question 8

Subscapular aa

Answer 8

• 3rd segment of axillary aa
• divides into circumflex scapular (supplies dorsal scapular muscles) and thoracodorsal (supplies lats)

Question 9

Circumflex Scapular aa

Answer 9

• branch off subscapular aa
• supplies dorsal scapular muscles
• travels through triangular space/medial triangular space
• anastomoses with suprascapular aa in infraspinous fossa

Question 10

Thoracodorsal aa

Answer 10

• branches off subscapular aa
• supplies latissimus dorsi

Question 11

Basilic vv

Answer 11

drains to axillary vv, which drains to subclavian vv

superficial

drains arm, forearm, hand

sometimes used in AV fistula creation for hemodialysis

Question 12

Cephalic vv

Answer 12

communicates w/ basilic vv via median cubital vv

runs through deltopectoral groove to drain into axillary vv

used for IV access

superficial

drains hand, forearm, arm

Question 13

Deep artery of arm/Profunda brachii aa

Answer 13

branch off of brachial aa just below teres major,

runs w/ radial nn along radial groove in posterior humerus

supplies deltoid and triceps brachii

Question 14

Brachial aa

Answer 14

anterior compartment

name change from axillary aa after teres major

runs w/ median nn

splits into radial & ulnar aa

supplies biceps & triceps brachii, coracobrachialis (major artery of arm)

Question 15

Ulnar aa

Answer 15

bifurcation of brachial aa

-> common interosseus, dorsal & palmar carpal, primarily superficial palmar arch (some deep)

Question 16

Radial aa

Answer 16

bifurcation of brachial aa

branches: radial recurrent, primarily deep palmar arch (some superficial), dorsal & palmar carpal

Question 17

Common Interosseous aa

Answer 17

branch off ulnar aa just after radial tuberosity, splits into anterior & posterior interosseus aa

Question 18

Posterior Interosseous aa

Answer 18

branch off of common interosseus aa (ulnar aa)

runs posterior to interosseous membrane, then distally b/w superficial & deep posterior forearm muscles supplying extensors

Question 19

Superficial & Deep Palmar Arches

Answer 19

superficial mainly supplied by ulnar aa, deep mainly by radial aa

superficial arch is more distal, while deep is more proximal

-the two anastomose

Question 20

Common Palmar Digital aa

Answer 20

branches off superficial palmar arch (ulnar aa)

three arteries pass distally onto lumbricals

Question 21

Proper Palmar Digital aa

Answer 21

2 branches off of each common palmar digital aa

run along sides of 2-5th phalanges to supply skin of fingers and finger tips

Question 22

Perforating branches/aa

Answer 22

branches off of deep palmar arch (radial nn)

three branches cross b/w 2-4th interosseous spaces to anastomose w/ dorsal metacarpal aa

Question 23

Femoral Artery

Answer 23

continuation of external iliac aa after inguinal ligament, thru femoral triangle, into adductor canal

• femoral pulse inferior to midpoint of inguinal ligament
• vulnerable to injury d/t superficial position in triangle

branches:

superficial epigastric (upward superficially to umbilicus)

superficial circumflex iliac (lateral, parallel to inguinal ligament)

superficial external pudendal (-> scrotum)

deep femoral (profunda femoris): off of femoral aa in triangle, descends in front of pectineus but behind adductor magnus, gives rise to medial & lateral femoral circumflex aa, supplies adductor magnus & hamstring in adductor canal

Question 24

Anterior Tibial aa.

Answer 24

originates from popliteal aa, runs through interosseus membrane, becomes dorsal aa of the foot

-supplies Tom Dick Harry (tibialis anterior, extensord digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus) & peroneus tertius (anterior compartment of leg)

Question 25

Perforating Branches of Anterior Tibial & Peroneal aa

Answer 25

supply lateral compartment of leg (peroneus longus & brevis)

Question 26

Posterior Tibial aa

Answer 26

continuation of popliteal aa splits into peroneal aa (supplies popliteus & lateral compartment of leg) runs deep to flexor retinaculum, supplies posterior compartment & foot (splits into medial & lateral plantar)

Question 27

Dorsal Artery of Foot

Answer 27

branch off of anterior tibial aa, supplies forefoot, "dorsalis pedis" runs anterior and b/w malleoli & EHL & EDL, inferior to ext retinaculum **Lateral Tarsal aa** branch off dorsal aa, inferior to EDB (supplies it along w/ tarsals & joints) **Arcuate aa** along bases of metatarsals 2-4 via dorsal metatarsal aa. (1st dorsal metatarsal aa supplies 1st digit)

Question 28

Plantar Artery of Foot

Answer 28

branch off of posterior tibial aa. runs deep to abductor hallucis splits into medial & lateral plantar aa. **medial plantar aa.** supplies muscles of great toe, skin on medial side **lateral plantar aa.** runs b/w FDB & QP gives rise to **deep plantar arch** across tarsals, supplies muscles, skin, fascia of sole of foot

Question 29

Arteries Near Hip Joint

Answer 29

**Medial & Lateral Circumflex Femoral aa** -off deep femoral aa (branch of femoral aa) **Artery to head of femur**

Question 30

Popliteal aa

Answer 30

- continuation of femoral aa after adductor hiatus (adductor magnus) running to popliteal fossa - splits into anterior & posterior tibial aa after popliteus muscle - **superior lateral & medial genicular** **-inferior lateral & medial genicular** **-descending genicular** -branch off femoral aa just prior to adductor hiatus, splits into an articular branch (anastomosis around knee) & saphenous branch (skin of medial knee)

Question 31

Branches of popliteal aa

Answer 31

popliteal aa splits into anterior & posterior tibial aa after popliteus muscle - **anterior tibial** (anterior leg) - **posterior tibial** (posterior leg (superficial calf, deep calf, plantar foot via lateral & medial plantar aa.)) **peroneal aa** branches off of posterior tibial -supplies the lateral leg (peroneus longus & brevis)

Question 32

overview of lower extremity aa

Answer 32