Vision Screening (F)

Question 1

What is the formula for sensitivity of a test?

Answer 1

[correct referrals (A)] / [all with problems (A+C)]

Question 2

What are the characteristics in which you would want a high specificity?

Answer 2

1. severe side effects

2. high cost of treatment

Question 3

What is the importance of vision screening?

Answer 3

• Public relations
• Build a practice
• Work with special populations
• Educate the public
• Estimate prevalence of eye problems in your area

Question 4

What is included in MCT vision screening?

Answer 4

1. Distance VA, cover test, retinoscopy, ophthalmoscopy
2. Can include color vision
3. We include near VA and stereo

Question 5

Should photoscreeners for young children to detect ARF have a higher sensitivity or specificity? 1. Older children? 2

Answer 5

1. specificity

2. sensitivity

Question 6

What is the formula for negative predictive value (NPV) of a test?

Answer 6

[correct nonreferrals (D)] / [all nonreferrals (C+D)]

Question 7

What is the formula for positive predictive value (PPV) of a test?

Answer 7

[correct referrals (A)] / [all referrals (A+B)]

Question 8

What relates to test’s ability to identify people with disease?

Answer 8

sensitivity

Question 9

What is the formula for specificity of a test?

Answer 9

[correct nonreferrals (D)] / [all with no problem (B+D)]

Question 10

What states require child eye exams?

Answer 10

KY, MO, IL, WI

Question 11

What are the Ohio mandates for vision screening (with tests performed)?

Answer 11

• K, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, transfers, teacher referrals, hearing impaired annually, children or parents who request
• Kindergarten (External observation, dist VA, stereo, color vision)
• First grade (External observation, dist VA, alternate CT, stereo, color vision (males, if not previously done))
• Grades 3, 5, 7, 9 (External observation, dist VA)

Question 12

What is used to determine the likelihood that an individual has a problem if screening is positive? 1. What does it depend on? 2

Answer 12

1. PPV

2. prevalence

Question 13

What are the characteristics in which you would want a high sensitivity?

Answer 13

1. benign side effects

2. low cost of Tx

Question 14

What are we screening for?

Answer 14

1. refractive error
2. strabismus
3. amblyopia

Question 15

What are the amblyogenic risk factors?

Answer 15

• Deprivation
• Media opacity
• Strabismic
• Constant, unilateral strabismus
• Refractive (per AOA practice guidelines)
  o Isoametropic (Myopia > 8D, Hyperopia > 5D, Astigmatism > 2.50D)
  o Anisometropic (Myopia > 3D, Hyperopia > 1D, Astigmatism > 1.50D)